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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-362
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Concurrency control, locking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS score of 5.9 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A vulnerability in the Cisco AnyConnect VPN server of Cisco Meraki MX and Cisco Meraki Z Series Teleworker Gateway devices could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack an AnyConnect VPN. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-362. A vulnerability in the Cisco AnyConnect VPN server of Cisco Meraki MX and Cisco Meraki Z Series Teleworker Gateway devices could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack an AnyConnect VPN session or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition for individual users of the AnyConnect VPN service on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to weak entropy for handlers that are used during the VPN authentication process as well as a race condition that exists in the same process. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by correctly guessing an authentication handler and then sending crafted HTTPS requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take over the AnyConnect VPN session from a target user or prevent the target user from establishing an AnyConnect VPN session with the affected device. Affected products include: Cisco Meraki Mx65 Firmware, Cisco Meraki Mx64 Firmware, Cisco Meraki Z4C Firmware, Cisco Meraki Z4 Firmware, Cisco Meraki Z3C Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.9 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionNVD

A vulnerability in the Cisco AnyConnect VPN server of Cisco Meraki MX and Cisco Meraki Z Series Teleworker Gateway devices could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to hijack an AnyConnect VPN session or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition for individual users of the AnyConnect VPN service on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to weak entropy for handlers that are used during the VPN authentication process as well as a race condition that exists in the same process. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by correctly guessing an authentication handler and then sending crafted HTTPS requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take over the AnyConnect VPN session from a target user or prevent the target user from establishing an AnyConnect VPN session with the affected device.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 69% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low
NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

30
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +30
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Race Condition MEDIUM

Race conditions occur when multiple concurrent requests exploit the brief time gap between checking a condition and acting upon it (TOCTOU - Time of Check, Time of Use).

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx65_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx64_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_z4c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_z4_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_z3c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_z3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_vmx_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx600_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx450_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx400_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx250_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx105_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx95_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx85_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx84_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx75_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx68w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx68cw_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:meraki_mx68_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
+ 5 more

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Same weakness CWE-362 – Race Condition

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CVE-2023-36884 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2016-5195 HIGH POC
7.0
CVE-2017-1000112 HIGH POC
7.0
CVE-2014-0196 MEDIUM POC
5.5
CVE-2014-0226 MEDIUM POC
6.8
CVE-2016-1757 HIGH POC
7.0
CVE-2016-8655 HIGH POC
7.8
CVE-2025-39964 MEDIUM POC
5.5

Same technique Denial Of Service

View all
CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC
7.8
CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC
7.8

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-meraki-mx-vpn-dos-by-QWUkqV7X

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