Freeimage
CVE-2023-47994
HIGH
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer overflow checks
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 8.8 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.18%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could cause unexpected behavior through arithmetic overflow by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026
An integer overflow vulnerability in LoadPixelDataRLE4 function in PluginBMP.cpp in Freeimage 3.18.0 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service and/or run arbitrary. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
Integer overflow in FreeImage.
RemediationAI
No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate arithmetic operations, use safe integer libraries, check bounds before allocation.
Affects your stack
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Integer Overflow (CWE-190), which allows attackers to cause unexpected behavior through arithmetic overflow. An integer overflow vulnerability in LoadPixelDataRLE4 function in PluginBMP.cpp in Freeimage 3.18.0 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service and/or run arbitrary code. Affected products include: Freeimage Project Freeimage.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
An integer overflow vulnerability in LoadPixelDataRLE4 function in PluginBMP.cpp in Freeimage 3.18.0 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service and/or run arbitrary code.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2023-47994 presents significant security risk, a integer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 8.8. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.
Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
FreeImage 3.18.0 has a use-after-free in the TARGA plugin's loadRLE function. Processing a malicious TGA file can lead t
An integer overflow vulnerability in FreeImageIO.cpp::_MemoryReadProc in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows attackers to obtain sen
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary cod
A flaw was found in the freeimage library. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
In FreeImage 3.18.0, an out-of-bounds access occurs because of mishandling of the OpenJPEG j2k_read_ppm_v3 function in j
When FreeImage 3.18.0 reads a special JXR file, the StreamCalcIFDSize function of JXRMeta.c repeatedly calls itself due
Exploit-DB