Ghost
CVE-2022-28397
CRITICAL
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File type validation, storage isolation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Command and Control, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 3.44%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could upload malicious files that can be executed on the server by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the file upload module of Ghost CMS v4.42.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
RemediationAI
No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate file types server-side, store uploads outside webroot, use random filenames, scan for malware.
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Unrestricted File Upload (CWE-434), which allows attackers to upload malicious files that can be executed on the server. An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the file upload module of Ghost CMS v4.42.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file. NOTE: Vendor states as detailed in Ghost's security documentation, files can only be uploaded and published by trusted users, this is intentional. Affected products include: Ghost.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionNVD
An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the file upload module of Ghost CMS v4.42.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file. NOTE: Vendor states as detailed in Ghost's security documentation, files can only be uploaded and published by trusted users, this is intentional.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Malicious file upload attacks exploit insufficient validation when web applications accept user-provided files.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
Ghost CMS versions 5.105.0-5.130.5 and 6.0.0-6.10.3 contain an authentication bypass in their two-factor authentication
Arbitrary code execution in Ghost CMS versions 0.7.2 through 6.19.0 allows authenticated attackers with theme upload pri
An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the file upload module of Ghost v4.39.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary
SQL injection in Ghost CMS versions 3.24.0 through 6.19.0 allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary database da
Ghost through 5.85.1 allows remote attackers to bypass an authentication rate-limit protection mechanism by using many X
Ghost through 5.76.0 allows stored XSS, and resultant privilege escalation in which a contributor can take over any acco
Ghost before 5.82.0 allows CSV Injection during a member CSV export. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability
Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Ghost CMS < 3.10.0 allows an attacker to scan local or external netw
Ghost before 5.42.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files within the active theme's folder via /assets/built%2
Ghost is a Node.js CMS. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication
Ghost is an open source content management system. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely expl
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Ghost allows an attacker to access internal resources.0.0 through 6.
Exploit-DB