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Kamailio CVE-2018-8828

CRITICAL
Off-by-one Error (CWE-193)
2018-03-20 cve@mitre.org
9.8
CVSS 3.0 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Off-by-one prevention
Impact

CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the critical-severity affected system.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 31.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in Kamailio before 4.4.7, 5.0.x before 5.0.6, and 5.1.x before 5.1.2. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-193. A Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in Kamailio before 4.4.7, 5.0.x before 5.0.6, and 5.1.x before 5.1.2. A specially crafted REGISTER message with a malformed branch or From tag triggers an off-by-one heap-based buffer overflow in the tmx_check_pretran function in modules/tmx/tmx_pretran.c. Affected products include: Kamailio, Debian Debian Linux. Version information: before 4.4.7.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionNVD

A Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in Kamailio before 4.4.7, 5.0.x before 5.0.6, and 5.1.x before 5.1.2. A specially crafted REGISTER message with a malformed branch or From tag triggers an off-by-one heap-based buffer overflow in the tmx_check_pretran function in modules/tmx/tmx_pretran.c.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
31.3%
Top 2% exploitable
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 31.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

80
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +31
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:kamailio:kamailio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:kamailio:kamailio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:kamailio:kamailio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2016-2385 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 11

Heap-based buffer overflow in the encode_msg function in encode_msg.c in the SEAS module in Kamailio (formerly OpenSER a

CVE-2018-16657 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Sep 07

In Kamailio before 5.0.7 and 5.1.x before 5.1.4, a crafted SIP message with an invalid Via header causes a segmentation

CVE-2018-14767 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jul 31

In Kamailio before 5.0.7 and 5.1.x before 5.1.4, a crafted SIP message with a double "To" header and an empty "To" tag c

CVE-2013-7426 CRITICAL
9.8 Aug 29

Insecure Temporary file vulnerability in /tmp/kamailio_fifo in kamailio 4.0.1. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this

CVE-2026-93962 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Sep 20

Heap-based buffer overflow in Kamailio's CDP (C Diameter Peer) module allows a remote party that can deliver a malformed

CVE-2020-28361 MEDIUM POC
5.4 Nov 18

Kamailio before 5.4.0, as used in Sip Express Router (SER) in Sippy Softswitch 4.5 through 5.2 and other products, allow

CVE-2015-1590 HIGH
7.8 Sep 07

The kamcmd administrative utility and default configuration in kamailio before 4.3.0 use /tmp/kamailio_ctl. Rated high s

CVE-2015-1591 HIGH
7.8 Jun 27

The kamailio build in kamailio before 4.2.0-2 process allows local users to gain privileges. Rated high severity (CVSS 7

CVE-2026-52023 HIGH
7.5 Sep 01

Denial of service in Kamailio v6.1.1 and earlier allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the SIP proxy by sen

CVE-2026-39863 HIGH
7.5 Apr 08

Out-of-bounds memory access in Kamailio SIP server versions before 5.8.8, 6.0.6, and 6.1.1 enables unauthenticated remot

CVE-2026-108822 MEDIUM
6.9 Oct 12

A heap/stack-adjacent buffer overflow in Kamailio's optional sipt module lets remote, unauthenticated attackers crash th

CVE-2026-82608 LOW POC
2.1 Aug 31

Out-of-bounds read in Kamailio's IMS AVP handler exposes telecom infrastructure to remote memory disclosure and potentia

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