What is the CVSS score of CVE-2018-14780?

CVE-2018-14780 has a CVSS 3.0 base score of 4.6 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.4%.

Piv Manager CVE-2018-14780

MEDIUM

Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)

2018-08-15 cve@mitre.org

Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Piv Manager Piv Tool Smart Card Minidriver Yubico

4.6

CVSS 3.0 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-125 ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 4.6 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: physical attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

An out-of-bounds read issue was discovered in the Yubico-Piv 1.5.0 smartcard driver. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate array indices and buffer lengths. Use memory-safe languages. Enable AddressSanitizer during testing.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125), which allows attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. An out-of-bounds read issue was discovered in the Yubico-Piv 1.5.0 smartcard driver. The file lib/ykpiv.c contains the following code in the function _ykpiv_fetch_object(): {% highlight c %} if(sw SW_SUCCESS) { size_t outlen; int offs = _ykpiv_get_length(data + 1, &outlen); if(offs 0) { return YKPIV_SIZE_ERROR; } memmove(data, data + 1 + offs, outlen); *len = outlen; return YKPIV_OK; } else { return YKPIV_GENERIC_ERROR; } {% endhighlight %} -- in the end, a memmove() occurs with a length retrieved from APDU data. This length is not checked for whether it is outside of the APDU data retrieved. Therefore the memmove() could copy bytes behind the allocated data buffer into this buffer. Affected products include: Yubico Piv Manager, Yubico Piv Tool, Yubico Smart Card Minidriver.

Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.6 MEDIUM

AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Physical

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

None

Availability

None

DescriptionNVD

An out-of-bounds read issue was discovered in the Yubico-Piv 1.5.0 smartcard driver. The file lib/ykpiv.c contains the following code in the function _ykpiv_fetch_object(): {% highlight c %} if(sw SW_SUCCESS) { size_t outlen; int offs = _ykpiv_get_length(data + 1, &outlen); if(offs 0) { return YKPIV_SIZE_ERROR; } memmove(data, data + 1 + offs, outlen); *len = outlen; return YKPIV_OK; } else { return YKPIV_GENERIC_ERROR; } {% endhighlight %} -- in the end, a memmove() occurs with a length retrieved from APDU data. This length is not checked for whether it is outside of the APDU data retrieved. Therefore the memmove() could copy bytes behind the allocated data buffer into this buffer.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.4%

Top 64% exploitable

Data Quality

2 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.4%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +23

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.