Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical device access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. Affected products span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem from Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected versions; no active exploitation has been identified (not in CISA KEV) and no public proof-of-concept exploit is known at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Mass Storage Class Driver affects virtually every supported Windows release, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. An attacker with physical access to the target machine can connect a specially crafted USB storage device to trigger the kernel-mode memory flaw, potentially achieving complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H per CVSS). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected version branches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege on affected systems. The vulnerability spans nearly every supported Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, and is triggered when the NTFS driver processes a specially crafted volume attached by an adversary. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through its standard update channel.
Privilege escalation in Windows Boot Manager allows an unauthorized attacker with physical access to achieve full pre-OS system compromise, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact across a sweeping range of Windows desktop and server editions. The root cause is a protection mechanism failure (CWE-693) in the boot-time security stack - consistent with a Secure Boot or early-launch integrity bypass - that an adversary can exploit without any prior authentication or system privileges once physical access is obtained. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Privilege escalation via physical USB attack affects the Windows USB Hub Driver across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the kernel-mode USB Hub Driver can be triggered by an attacker who plugs a crafted USB device into an exposed port, ultimately enabling full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). No authentication or user interaction is required beyond physical proximity; the attack is constrained solely by the requirement of physical access to the target machine. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected Windows versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects virtually the entire Windows product family from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, requiring no credentials or user interaction beyond physical presence at the target machine. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected version branches.
LDAP injection in Okta Access Gateway versions before 2026.9.1 allows a network-authenticated attacker to manipulate LDAP search filter logic by supplying crafted SAML assertion attribute values. Because the Access Gateway interpolates raw SAML attribute values directly into LDAP filter strings without sanitization, an attacker controlling those values can inject LDAP metacharacters to rewrite the intended query - potentially bypassing authorization decisions or extracting sensitive directory entries. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, but the vendor has released a fix in 2026.9.1.
Path traversal in the gnome-tweaks shell theme installer allows a local attacker who can persuade a user to install a crafted ZIP-packaged theme to write arbitrary files outside the intended ~/.themes directory. The flaw - a classic "zip slip" pattern (CWE-22) - exploits the absence of archive-member-path validation: malicious archives can embed ../ sequences, absolute paths, or symlink entries to redirect file writes anywhere the victim user can write. With user-level write access this can overwrite shell startup scripts, SSH authorized_keys, or desktop autostart entries, escalating to persistent code execution under the victim's account. No public exploit code or KEV listing exists at time of analysis; EPSS data was not provided.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) across a broad range of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server releases, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025. The root cause is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) exploitable by an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the target machine, yielding full C:H/I:H/A:H impact. SSVC assessment confirms no current exploitation and a non-automatable attack path; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via relative path traversal (CWE-23) affects the Windows DNS Server service across a broad range of Windows Server releases from 2012 through 2025. An authorized local attacker holding high-privilege access can manipulate relative path sequences in the DNS service to reference files or system resources outside the intended directory scope, resulting in full Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability impact through SYSTEM-level privilege escalation. Microsoft has released patches across all affected builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Installer (msiexec) enables local privilege escalation across a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server releases. An attacker with high-privileged local access can exploit this CWE-122 flaw to achieve full system-level code execution - compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability - making it a post-exploitation escalation primitive. Vendor-released patches are available; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.
PHP code injection in Okta Access Gateway (all versions prior to 2026.9.1) allows an authenticated administrator to execute arbitrary code as the web server process by embedding malicious PHP payloads in dashboard application label values. The gateway writes these labels unsanitized into generated PHP configuration files, which are automatically included on every subsequent authentication request, triggering execution without further interaction. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patch is available at version 2026.9.1.
OS command injection in Okta Access Gateway (versions prior to 2026.9.1) allows an authenticated high-privileged local user to inject shell metacharacters into SNMP configuration values, causing a privileged backend script to execute arbitrary OS commands as root. The vulnerability (CWE-78) stems from failure to sanitize user-supplied configuration data before incorporating it into OS command construction. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; a vendor-released patch is available.
Memory exhaustion in the Windows DHCP Server role across Windows Server 2012 through 2025 allows a low-privileged network-authenticated attacker to crash or render the DHCP service unresponsive, denying IP address assignment to all network clients. The root cause (CWE-401) is a failure to release allocated memory after its effective lifetime during DHCP request processing, enabling gradual heap exhaustion. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Auth0 AD/LDAP Connector versions 6.5.0 and earlier expose an administrative management panel on the local loopback interface with no authentication requirement, allowing any low-privileged local user or co-resident process to read plaintext Active Directory service account credentials and modify connector configuration without presenting credentials. The impact extends beyond the connector itself: exposed AD service account passwords enable lateral movement and privilege escalation within the broader Active Directory environment. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is recorded at time of analysis, but the attack requires only a basic HTTP client and local system access.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver allows a locally authorized attacker to escalate privileges, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on affected systems. The flaw spans virtually every supported and extended-support Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the patch surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released corrective updates across all affected build branches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Winsock networking subsystem enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM-level on a broad range of Windows client and server releases. An attacker who already holds a high-privileged (but non-SYSTEM) local account can trigger CWE-122 heap corruption through Winsock to achieve full C:H/I:H/A:H impact. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows BitLocker enables an authorized local attacker with high privileges to achieve arbitrary code execution on the vulnerable system. The vulnerability affects an exceptionally broad range of Windows releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and 26H1, with vendor-confirmed patches available. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, and the PR:H requirement substantially limits the attacker pool to users already possessing administrator-level access.
Windows Overlay Filter (WOF), the kernel-mode filesystem filter driver present across virtually all supported Windows desktop and server releases, contains an integer overflow or wraparound that enables an already-privileged local attacker to further escalate privileges. The flaw spans Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 R2 through 2025, placing the vulnerable component in an exceptionally wide installed base. Microsoft has released patched builds; no public exploit is identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Overlay Filter (WOF) kernel driver allows a locally authenticated attacker with pre-existing high-privilege access to escalate to full system control. The vulnerability affects virtually all supported Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows 10 version 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this issue; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office PowerPoint exposes memory contents to remote attackers when a victim opens a specially crafted PowerPoint file. Affected products span PowerPoint 2016 through Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise across Windows and Mac. No public exploit code has been identified and SSVC classifies exploitation as none and not automatable, consistent with the user-interaction requirement that prevents mass exploitation.
SQL injection in Microsoft SharePoint Server Subscription Edition allows any network-authenticated low-privilege user to exfiltrate sensitive database contents without additional interaction. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that a standard SharePoint account is the only prerequisite, placing sensitive intranet data - documents, user records, site configuration - at risk. Microsoft has released a remediation build (16.0.20326.20082); no public exploits or CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Microsoft SharePoint Server Subscription Edition allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to read sensitive data over the network by leveraging a SharePoint component that executes with unnecessary elevated privileges (CWE-250). The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/C:H) reflects a straightforward network-accessible exploit requiring only basic user credentials, with no user interaction and high confidentiality impact. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) is achievable by an attacker with physical device access who connects a specially crafted USB audio device. The integer overflow in the driver's input-handling logic produces an undersized heap allocation, enabling a subsequent heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that corrupts kernel memory and permits arbitrary code execution at elevated privilege. The vulnerability spans a wide swath of supported Windows releases - from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 - making the patch surface broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office (CWE-125) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive memory contents when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Affected products span Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office LTSC 2021/2024, Office 2016/2019, and their Mac counterparts - covering virtually the entire active Office install base. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; SSVC rates the exploitation likelihood as none and technical impact as partial, consistent with the 6.5 CVSS base score.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Outlook allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information from process memory by inducing a user to open or interact with a maliciously crafted email or document. Affected products span Outlook 2016 through Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, covering a large portion of the enterprise desktop install base. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines via MSRC.
Integer underflow (CWE-191) in the Microsoft Windows SCSI Class System File enables remote unauthenticated attackers to disclose kernel-level information when a user interacts with a crafted resource, affecting all major Windows desktop and server releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The out-of-bounds read condition triggered by the wraparound arithmetic can expose high-confidentiality memory contents (C:H) with no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the CISA SSVC framework rates exploitation status as none and technical impact as partial, consistent with a disclosure-only profile.
Untrusted pointer dereference in Microsoft Office PowerPoint exposes high-confidentiality memory contents to a remote, unauthenticated attacker who can convince a user to open a specially crafted presentation file. The flaw (CWE-822) allows the application to dereference a pointer sourced from untrusted file data without validation, enabling out-of-bounds or arbitrary memory reads that leak sensitive process memory over a network context. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is present at time of analysis, but the high-confidentiality CVSS rating and broad install base across all current Office versions make patch deployment a priority.
Type confusion (CWE-822) in Microsoft Office PowerPoint allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information from a victim's system by inducing them to open a specially crafted presentation file. The vulnerability spans Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office LTSC 2021 and 2024, Office 2019, and Mac variants of Office across multiple release channels. Vendor-released patches are available for Windows editions with specific fixed build numbers; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Buffer over-read (CWE-126) in Microsoft Office exposes process memory contents to remote unauthenticated attackers when a victim opens a maliciously crafted Office document. The vulnerability spans a wide range of Office product lines across both Windows and macOS - including Office 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021/2024, Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, and the macOS Office 365/LTSC equivalents. No public exploit code has been identified and the CVE does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis; a vendor patch has been released across all affected product lines.
Eval injection in the Okta Access Gateway management console allows an authenticated administrator, connected via SSH, to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the management console process. The root cause (CWE-95) is unsanitized user input passed directly to eval() in an exception handler context, meaning any administrative SSH session can be leveraged for full code execution. All versions prior to 2026.9.1 are affected; a vendor patch is available and no public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Configuration injection in Okta Access Gateway (all versions before 2026.9.1) allows a high-privileged authenticated attacker to embed arbitrary nginx directives into the gateway's auto-generated nginx server block configuration by placing unsanitized payload in the application label field. Once the configuration is regenerated and nginx reloads, the injected directives execute within the nginx context, enabling full server compromise including code execution, credential interception, and proxy manipulation. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, but the high impact triad and the identity-gateway nature of the product make this a meaningful risk for affected Okta deployments.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Outlook and closely related Office suite components exposes sensitive in-memory data to network-based attackers who can deliver a crafted document to a user. The CVSS vector (C:H/I:N/A:N) and CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) align on an information-disclosure primary impact, while Microsoft's description references code execution - a material discrepancy that warrants verification against the full MSRC advisory. Patches are available from Microsoft across all affected product lines including Office 2016 through 2024 LTSC and Microsoft 365 Apps on both Windows and macOS; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Tampering in Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) allows a low-privileged, authenticated network attacker to manipulate certificate issuance or PKI configuration by supplying inputs that bypass an incomplete deny list. Affected Windows Server versions span 2012 through 2025, as well as Windows 10 builds relying on AD CS. The CVSS vector confirms high integrity impact with no confidentiality or availability effect, consistent with the described tampering primitive. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is available.
Uninitialized resource use (CWE-908) in Microsoft Office exposes high-confidentiality data to remote unauthenticated attackers when a victim opens a specially crafted Office document. The vulnerability spans the full Microsoft Office ecosystem - Office 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021/2024, Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, and Mac variants - making the affected surface extremely broad. No public exploit code and no active exploitation have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office leaks sensitive memory contents to unauthenticated network attackers when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Affected products span Office 2016 through LTSC 2024 and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise on both Windows and macOS, making the exposure surface extremely broad. Vendor-released patches are available; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low-complexity, no-privilege vector warrants prompt patching across enterprise fleets.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Microsoft PowerPoint's file-parsing logic exposes sensitive process memory when a victim opens a specially crafted presentation file, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose heap or stack contents. Affected builds span Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021, and Office LTSC 2024 on both Windows and macOS platforms. Microsoft has released patched builds via the MSRC advisory; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in Microsoft Office Outlook allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to leak process memory contents when a victim opens or previews a crafted email message or attachment. All major Office branches are affected - Office 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise - spanning hundreds of millions of endpoints globally. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' at the time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office exposes sensitive memory contents to a remote, unauthenticated attacker who can convince a user to open a crafted document. The flaw (CWE-125) affects the full current Office portfolio - Office 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, and their macOS counterparts - with high confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available for all Windows versions with specific build thresholds.
Out-of-bounds read in multiple Microsoft Office SKUs allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose in-process memory contents by inducing a user to open a specially crafted document. Affected builds span Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office 2019/2021/2024 LTSC on Windows, and multiple Mac variants. Exploitation yields high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office exposes arbitrary memory contents to a remote unauthenticated attacker who can convince a user to open a malicious file, resulting in high-confidence information disclosure. Affected versions span Microsoft Office 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, and their macOS equivalents. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, though the phishing-file delivery model is a well-established Office exploitation pattern.
Out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in Microsoft PowerPoint exposes memory contents to remote unauthenticated attackers who can convince a user to open a specially crafted presentation file. All major Office release channels are affected, including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office 2019, PowerPoint 2016, Office LTSC 2021, and Office LTSC 2024, on both Windows and Mac platforms. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed; SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none and technical impact as partial, consistent with a CVSS 6.5 medium-severity information disclosure finding.
Cross-site scripting in Microsoft Skype for Business Server enables network-based spoofing against authenticated users across three distinct server product lines. An unauthenticated remote attacker can inject malicious script into a vulnerable web component that executes in a victim's browser upon user interaction, resulting in high-confidentiality-impact session token theft or UI-level spoofing consistent with the CVSS C:H/I:N pairing. Vendor-released patches are confirmed available via MSRC; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis.
Improper cryptographic signature verification in OpenDDS 3.33.x's SignedDocument module allows a local, low-privileged attacker to crash the DDS participant process via a crafted signed document, causing a denial of service. The flaw (CWE-347) resides in the verify() function within the SSL/SignedDocument.cpp component of the DDS Security implementation. A proof-of-concept exists per SSVC data, though EPSS is very low at 0.15% and active exploitation has not been confirmed by CISA KEV.
Windows DHCP Server on multiple Windows Server versions stores passwords in a recoverable format (CWE-257), enabling an authenticated low-privileged network attacker to extract those credentials over the network. The impact is a pure confidentiality breach - passwords held by the DHCP Server service can be recovered without cracking, potentially enabling lateral movement or privilege escalation through credential reuse. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the flaw across the full affected version matrix.
Memory exhaustion via crafted DHCP packets in Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025 allows an unauthenticated adjacent-network attacker to crash or degrade the DHCP client service. The root cause is CWE-401 (missing memory release after effective lifetime), meaning the DHCP client allocates memory when processing incoming DHCP messages but fails to free it, making the system vulnerable to progressive memory exhaustion. Impact is availability-only; no confidentiality or integrity breach is claimed. No public exploit or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Insufficiently protected credential transmission in Microsoft Office exposes NTLM or equivalent credential material to a network-adjacent attacker via a crafted document or resource link. Affected versions span the entire active Office portfolio - Office 2016 through LTSC 2024 and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise - making the exposure broadly relevant. An unauthenticated remote attacker who can induce a user to open a specially crafted Office file or embedded resource can capture credential hashes suitable for relay or offline cracking, constituting a practical spoofing primitive. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at the time of analysis, though Microsoft has released patches.
Uncontrolled resource consumption in Adobe ColdFusion 2025 (≤Update 12) and ColdFusion 2023 (≤Update 23) allows an unauthenticated adjacent-network attacker to exhaust system resources, resulting in a full application denial-of-service condition. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and no privileges, making it straightforward to trigger from within the same network segment. This issue is patched under Adobe advisory APSB26-119, which also addresses a higher-severity authenticated SQLi/RCE flaw (CVE-2026-75746) in the same product.
Integer underflow (CWE-191) in Microsoft SQL Server enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information from the database engine without requiring user interaction. Affected versions span SQL Server 2017 through the newly released SQL Server 2025 across both GDR and cumulative update servicing tracks, with Microsoft releasing fixes across all affected branches. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; SSVC scoring places this at Exploitation: none and Automatable: no, reflecting the constrained, local attack surface.
Cross-site scripting in on-premises Skype for Business Server enables network-accessible spoofing attacks across three supported server generations. The CVSS 6.5 rating reflects limited confidentiality and integrity impact, consistent with content-injection or UI-spoofing outcomes rather than full session takeover. A vendor-released patch is available through the Microsoft Security Response Center; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.