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Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers EUVDEUVD-2026-99561

| CVE-2026-85857 MEDIUM
Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File (CWE-532)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-g4f7-wc62-qgf4
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain local low-privileged access
  2. Exploit
    Locate kernel-driver log file
  3. Execution
    Read improperly logged sensitive data
  4. Impact
    Use data for further escalation

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A09:2025 - Security Logging & Alerting Failures
ASVS 5.0
V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Log data sanitization
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires local access to an affected Windows system with existing low-level privileges (PR:L) - an attacker must already be able to run code or read files as a logged-on user; it cannot be triggered remotely or by an unauthenticated party. The attacker must be able to reach the kernel-mode driver log file into which the sensitive information is written. Limiting factors: no remote vector (AV:L), required prior authentication (PR:L), and no user interaction of a victim is involved, so impact is confined to confidentiality on a host the attacker has already accessed. Patched builds for each affected Windows edition (per the EUVD version list) remediate the issue.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity local information-disclosure flaw (CVSS 5.5) whose real-world urgency is low. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) requires local access and existing low-level privileges (PR:L), limiting exposure to attackers who already have a foothold on the host; the only impact is high confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect, consistent with CWE-532 (sensitive information written to a log file). All exploitation signals point the same direction and do not conflict: SSVC rates Exploitation as 'none', Automatable as 'no', and Technical Impact as 'partial'; there is no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit identified. This should be treated as a routine patch-cycle item rather than an emergency - its priority comes from the ubiquity of Windows, not from any exploitation pressure. One caveat: the MSRC advisory text supplied here is terse, so the exact nature of the disclosed data and the log location are not confirmed from the provided data and would need verification against the vendor advisory.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already obtained a low-privileged local account on a Windows host (e.g., a standard user or a foothold from another compromise) reads a kernel-mode driver log file into which sensitive information has been improperly recorded, harvesting data they should not be able to see. No public exploit code is identified, and because it requires local authenticated access with no automation, it is most plausible as a post-compromise privilege/information-escalation step rather than an initial intrusion vector.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Information disclosure in Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers lets a locally authenticated user with only low-level privileges read sensitive information that the driver writes into its log files, affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H2 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw is rated CVSS 5.5 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), so it is strictly local, requires prior authentication, needs no victim interaction, and causes only confidentiality loss on a host the attacker has already accessed. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, CISA SSVC records exploitation as none and the issue is not automatable, and Microsoft has released patched builds for all affected editions, making real-world urgency low despite the high confidentiality sub-score.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixed builds for every affected edition, and remediation is to apply the current Windows cumulative security update so each host reaches or exceeds its branch threshold - Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.26434, Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.23470, Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10 1607 10.0.14393.9612, Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10 1809 10.0.17763.9376, Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5761, Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.33650, Windows 10 21H2/22H2 10.0.19044.7807, Windows 11 23H2 10.0.22631.7652, Windows 11 24H2 10.0.26100.9711, Windows 11 25H2 10.0.26200.9711, Windows 11 26H1 10.0.28000.3231, and Windows 11 26H2 10.0.26300.9711; track deployment through the MSRC advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85857. Until patching completes, and because the bug requires an already-authenticated local user, the highest-value compensating control is to tighten NTFS ACLs and directory inheritance on kernel-mode driver log and diagnostic output locations so that only SYSTEM, Administrators, and explicitly authorized service accounts have read access - with the trade-off that overly aggressive ACLs can break support tooling, ETW trace collection, and third-party monitoring agents that read those logs. Reducing who can obtain an interactive local session (restricting the local logon right and RDP access to trusted administrators, and enforcing least privilege so day-to-day users are not local admins) removes the PR:L precondition entirely, at the cost of changing end-user workflow on shared or kiosk systems. Because the leakage is a read-only confidentiality event, detection should focus on auditing and alerting on unusual read access to kernel driver log paths by low-privileged accounts rather than on integrity monitoring; note that event-log auditing of file reads is verbose and can impose measurable performance and storage overhead on busy hosts.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-532, insertion of sensitive information into a log file, occurring inside Windows kernel-mode drivers that run at ring 0 with full system privilege. Kernel drivers frequently emit diagnostic and telemetry records containing privileged state, kernel pointers and memory contents, security context or token material, or unredacted user data; when such records are persisted to a log file or log directory whose ACLs or handle-creation logic permit standard users to open and read it, that privileged data crosses a trust boundary downward to any locally logged-on account. The CVSS vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N confirms the attack path is entirely local with no user-supplied complexity or victim interaction, yields a high confidentiality impact, and provides no integrity or availability effect - the attacker only reads, never alters, system state. The CPE/version data spans Windows 10 (1607, 1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2, 24H2, 25H2, 26H1, 26H2), and Windows Server 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025, including Server Core installation variants, indicating the vulnerable logging code path is shared across the modern Windows servicing branches rather than isolated to a single kernel component. Exploitation conditions require the attacker to already hold a low-privileged local session and to be able to reach the affected log artifact, which sharply limits the practical attack surface to insider, post-compromise, or shared-workstation scenarios. ENISA EUVD tracks the issue as EUVD-2026-99561 and Microsoft is credited as the reporting party (secure@microsoft.com).

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Local authenticated attacker reads sensitive data logged by a kernel driver, so AV:L and PR:L with C:H only; no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Insertion of sensitive information into log file in Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 61% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Core Windows kernel-mode drivers across all supported client and server editions
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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