Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessControl host under shared public suffix
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DeliveryReturn Set-Cookie with Domain=co.uk
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ExploitAHC cookie store accepts public-suffix cookie
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ExecutionCookie replayed to unrelated hosts under suffix
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ImpactInject or overwrite cross-origin session cookies
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security SameSite cookie attribute
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires an AsyncHttpClient application (versions prior to 3.0.13 or 2.16.1) that shares a single ThreadSafeCookieStore across requests to multiple hosts sharing a registry-level public suffix (e.g. co.uk), and an attacker who controls a host beneath that suffix to emit a Set-Cookie whose Domain attribute names the public suffix itself. Limiting factors: the client must actually contact both the attacker-controlled host and a victim host under the same suffix using the same cookie store; impact is restricted to integrity (cookie inject/overwrite) with no direct confidentiality or availability loss; CVSS marks High attack complexity (AC:H) and a present Attack Requirement (AT:P), reflecting the non-default, scenario-dependent prerequisites. No authentication is required (PR:N) and no user interaction is required (UI:N). |
| Impact | This is a genuine but moderate-severity integrity flaw, best characterized as a cross-origin cookie injection (public-suffix) weakness, not a high-urgency priority. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N) scores 6.9 (Medium): network-reachable and unauthenticated, but gated by both High attack complexity and a present Attack Requirement (AT:P), reflecting that exploitation depends on specific runtime circumstances - an application sharing a ThreadSafeCookieStore across requests to multiple hosts that fall under a common public suffix, with the attacker controlling one host beneath that suffix. Impact is confined to subsequent-system integrity (SI:H) with no confidentiality or availability impact (VC:N/VI:N/VA:N), consistent with cookie overwrite/injection rather than code execution. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public exploit was provided in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation; the AC:H and AT:P metrics plus the library-dependency nature argue against opportunistic mass exploitation. Note a signal conflict: the input Tag 'Code Injection' and the loose use of CWE do not match the actual weakness (CWE-1275-style improper cookie handling / public-suffix cookie injection) - this is NOT remote code execution, and the 'Code Injection' label overstates the impact. Prioritize patching in applications that reuse one AHC cookie store across many destination hosts, but this is not a drop-everything issue. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An application uses AsyncHttpClient with a shared ThreadSafeCookieStore to call several services that live under a common public suffix (for example several *.co.uk sites). An attacker who controls any host beneath that suffix returns a Set-Cookie with Domain=co.uk; AHC accepts it because it does not reject public suffixes, then replays that cookie on later requests to unrelated co.uk hosts, overwriting or injecting session-relevant cookie values. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data, and High attack complexity plus the attacker-controlled-host requirement limit practicality. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 07, 2026
Cross-origin cookie injection in AsyncHttpClient (AHC) Java library before 3.0.13 and 2.16.1 allows an attacker-controlled host beneath a registry-level public suffix such as co.uk to set a cookie for that suffix itself, which the shared ThreadSafeCookieStore then replays to unrelated hosts under the same suffix. The failure lies in ThreadSafeCookieStore, which performs domain matching but never applies the RFC 6265 Section 5.3 step 5 rule that rejects a Domain attribute naming a public suffix; the practical result is that session-relevant cookie values can be injected or overwritten across origins sharing that registry. Impact is integrity-only (I:H, no confidentiality or availability loss) and exploitation is scenario-dependent, requiring one cookie store shared across requests to both an attacker host and a victim host under the same suffix, which is why the assessed vector carries High attack complexity and a present Attack Requirement. No public exploit code or active exploitation was identified at time of analysis; fixes are released as version 3.0.13 and 2.16.1.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: 3.0.13 (3.x line) and 2.16.1 (2.x line) from the AsyncHttpClient project, corresponding to the upstream commits https://github.com/AsyncHttpClient/async-http-client/commit/d1f0ccec417092098d40242fee7dfac84bb3c21f and https://github.com/AsyncHttpClient/async-http-client/commit/330267895fe0bdb41bbd027ea6b151d38ee7c23d, with release notes at https://github.com/AsyncHttpClient/async-http-client/releases/tag/async-http-client-project-3.0.13 and https://github.com/AsyncHttpClient/async-http-client/releases/tag/async-http-client-project-2.16.1 and the advisory at https://github.com/AsyncHttpClient/async-http-client/security/advisories/GHSA-f9m8-cv68-674w. Where upgrading is not immediately possible, the most effective compensating control is to stop sharing one ThreadSafeCookieStore across registrable-domain boundaries: configure a separate cookie store per host or per registrable site (for example via a per-request/per-client configuration), which removes the cross-origin replay path entirely but breaks legitimate cross-subdomain session behaviour such as SSO across a.example.co.uk and b.example.co.uk. Alternatively, wrap or replace the cookie store with a custom implementation that drops any Set-Cookie whose Domain attribute is a public suffix (validate against the Public Suffix List or a curated registry list), accepting that the list must be maintained and that overly broad rules can block legitimate cookies. Two post-upgrade checks are worthwhile because the fix fails open: confirm the public_suffix_list.dat resource is actually present in the packaged classpath (shaded/fat JARs and dependency-reduced builds can strip it), and embed a log alert on the library's warning that the public suffix list is missing, since in that state the check silently reverts to vulnerable behaviour; refreshing the bundled list on a maintenance cadence also matters because the shipped copy only narrows exposure to suffixes known at release time. Because the assessed impact is integrity-only with High attack complexity and no KEV or public exploit evidence, remediation can be scheduled through normal dependency-update cycles rather than treated as an emergency, though applications that resolve untrusted third-party content under shared registries should prioritise it.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 3 packages in maven, euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
AsyncHttpClient is a widely used asynchronous, non-blocking HTTP client for Java, and the affected component is its ThreadSafeCookieStore, a concurrent implementation of the java.net.CookieStore contract used when applications share a single cookie jar across many hosts. Cookies are governed by RFC 6265, whose Section 5.3 step 5 states that a cookie whose Domain attribute names a public suffix (a registry such as co.uk, com, or github.io-style suffixes) must be ignored by a user agent, because such a name identifies a registry rather than a single site. The library's domain matching only verified that the request host fell under the cookie's Domain, so a response from, say, attacker.co.uk carrying Set-Cookie with Domain=co.uk was accepted and then sent to every other host under co.uk, including unrelated victims. The assigned CWE is CWE-1275 (Sensitive Cookie with Improper SameSite Attribute), reflecting a cookie-scoping defect, though the concrete root cause is inadequate validation of the Domain attribute against the public suffix registry; label counting cannot distinguish co.uk from an ordinary domain because both contain a dot. The upstream fix adds a bundled copy of the ICANN section of the Mozilla Public Suffix List (client/src/main/resources/org/asynchttpclient/cookie/public_suffix_list.dat) plus a new PublicSuffixList class that loads exact, wildcard (*.ck), and exception (!) rules and lowercases them with Locale.ROOT to avoid the Turkish-locale pitfall where "INFO".toLowerCase() is not "info" and the check would fail open. Two limitations are documented in the code: the bundled list is static data that goes stale as registries change, and if the classpath resource cannot be read the check degrades to reporting nothing as a public suffix, preserving prior (vulnerable) behaviour rather than rejecting cookies.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N
Unauthenticated and network-reachable (PR:N/AV:N) but requires an attacker-controlled host under a shared public suffix (AC:H); cross-origin cookie overwrite changes scope (S:C) with integrity-only impact (C:N/A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
The AsyncHttpClient (AHC) library allows Java applications to easily execute HTTP requests and asynchronously process HTTP responses. Prior to 3.0.13 and 2.16.1, ThreadSafeCookieStore validates Domain attributes with domain matching but does not reject public suffixes. A host beneath a suffix such as co.uk can set a cookie for that suffix, after which the shared cookie store sends it to unrelated hosts under the suffix. This can inject or overwrite session-relevant cookie values across origins. This issue is fixed in versions 3.0.13 and 2.16.1.
Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 24 maven packages depend on org.asynchttpclient:async-http-client (15 direct, 9 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 3.0.0.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.
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EUVD-2026-94639
GHSA-f9m8-cv68-674w
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB