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User Private Files EUVDEUVD-2026-94191

| CVE-2026-97331 MEDIUM
Information Exposure (CWE-200)
2026-10-07 WPScan GHSA-m2gh-g9gw-hjhf
4.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: WPScan
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Register low-privilege Subscriber account
  2. Delivery
    Call plugin document-user endpoint
  3. Exploit
    Supply arbitrary non-owned user ID
  4. Execution
    Receive target email address
  5. Impact
    Enumerate all accounts including admins

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection Data exposure prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Collection, Discovery

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated account on the target site (PR:L) - specifically any registered user such as a Subscriber - and the site must run User Private Files prior to version 2.1.9. The concrete trigger is invoking the plugin's user/document operation with a user identifier that does not belong to a document the attacker owns; the plugin omits the ownership-to-user validation and returns the supplied user's email. Limiting factors: an attacker needs valid credentials, so sites that disable open user registration substantially reduce exposure; no user interaction is required (UI:N) and no non-default configuration is needed beyond having the plugin installed and users present to enumerate. Impact is confined to disclosure of email addresses (C:L) with no data modification or service disruption.

Impact

This is a genuine but low-to-moderate priority issue, not a critical one. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium) aligns with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N: network-reachable, low complexity, but requiring at least low-privilege authentication (PR:L) and yielding only a limited confidentiality impact (C:L) with no integrity or availability effect. The real-world concern is that the authentication barrier is trivially low - any Subscriber-level account, which many WordPress sites allow via open registration, suffices. A public exploit exists (WPScan), which raises practical exploitability, but there is no CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score was provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active, widespread exploitation. POC availability and active exploitation are distinct signals: here only POC is confirmed. SSVC framing would likely be: exploitation = PoC, automatable = yes (enumerating user IDs to harvest emails is scriptable), technical impact = partial. Net: a credible information-disclosure (email harvesting, including administrator addresses) flaw useful for reconnaissance and phishing, but not a direct compromise vector. Missing data: no EPSS and no KEV in the input, so exploitation-probability signals cannot be cross-checked.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker self-registers a Subscriber account on a WordPress site running User Private Files before 2.1.9, then invokes the plugin's document-user operation while supplying arbitrary user IDs that do not belong to any document they own. Because the plugin fails to validate ownership, it returns the targeted account's email address, letting the attacker enumerate and harvest emails of all registered users including administrators. A public exploit is available via WPScan, making this straightforward to automate for targeted phishing or credential-stuffing preparation.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 07, 2026

Email address disclosure in the User Private Files WordPress plugin before version 2.1.9 allows any authenticated user - including a low-privileged Subscriber - to retrieve the email address of any registered account on the site, including administrators. The plugin fails to verify that a supplied user actually belongs to the document being operated on, so an attacker with a valid account can simply supply arbitrary user identifiers and read back the associated email addresses. Publicly available exploit code exists (documented by WPScan), no CISA KEV entry confirms active exploitation, and the impact is limited to confidentiality (CVSS 4.3, C:L) with no data modification or service disruption - making this a genuine but low-to-moderate priority issue rather than a critical one.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade the User Private Files plugin to version 2.1.9 or later, which restores the ownership-to-user validation before any email address is returned; the fix is confirmed available from the vendor and version 2.1.9 is the exact remediating release named in the EUVD affected-version data, with details in the WPScan advisory at https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/e61799b5-1ea7-407b-9303-4b828bb5e5f5/. Where immediate upgrading is not possible, apply compensating controls that directly reduce exposure: disable open user registration or gate it behind administrator approval, since exploitation requires an authenticated account and this removes the attacker's entry point (trade-off: blocks legitimate self-service signups); audit and remove or downgrade stale Subscriber and other low-privilege accounts on sites that cannot turn off registration (trade-off: operational effort and potential loss of legitimate access); and, if the plugin exposes a discrete AJAX/REST route, block or restrict that route at the web server or WAF level for low-privileged roles (trade-off: may break legitimate private-file functionality for those users and requires identifying the exact route from a staging deployment). Because the flaw is an email enumeration primitive, monitor for sequential or high-volume requests to the plugin's document/user endpoints as a detection measure, and treat harvested email addresses as an enabler for downstream phishing even after patching.

Affected VersionsENISA

User Private Files 0 <2.1.9

Affected Packages

euvd user_private_files fix: 2.1.9

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is the WordPress plugin User Private Files, which manages per-user private documents (file uploads and metadata) inside a WordPress installation. The root cause maps to CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor), and more specifically to a broken object/ownership authorization check: the routine that resolves the user associated with a document does not validate that the supplied user identifier is actually tied to the document the caller is operating on before returning that user's email address. Because WordPress user IDs are sequential and trivially enumerable, and the plugin's endpoint is reachable by any authenticated account, this behaves like a classic insecure direct object reference (IDOR) in the plugin's AJAX/REST-facing handler. It is not a WordPress core flaw - exposure depends entirely on the plugin being installed and on the site having registered users whose emails are worth harvesting. The CPE data lists the vendor as unknown (cpe:2.3:a:unknown:user_private_files), and the ENISA EUVD record (EUVD-2026-94191) confirms the affected range as versions below 2.1.9.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (WPScan) PRIMARY 4.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable endpoint with low complexity but requiring a low-privilege authenticated account (PR:L); only email disclosure, so C:L and I/A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (WPScan).

CVSS VectorVendor: WPScan

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 07, 2026 - 10:22 NVD
4.3 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Oct 07, 2026 - 08:16 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 07, 2026 - 06:00 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)
CVE Published
Oct 07, 2026 - 06:00 cve.org
MEDIUM 4.3

DescriptionCVE.org

The User Private Files WordPress plugin before 2.1.9 does not validate that a supplied user belongs to the document being operated on before returning that user's email address, allowing any authenticated user, such as a Subscriber, to obtain the email address of any registered account, including administrators.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 93% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche WordPress plugin, limited install base versus core platform
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

42
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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