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Elasticsearch EUVDEUVD-2026-93929

| CVE-2026-102408 MEDIUM
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity (ReDoS) (CWE-1333)
2026-10-06 security@elastic.co GHSA-43f3-46vj-x5jc
4.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: elastic
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate with read access to a text index
  2. Exploit
    Submit ES|QL CHUNK query with malicious regex separator
  3. Execution
    Trigger catastrophic regex backtracking
  4. Impact
    Exhaust worker-thread CPU and degrade multi-tenant throughput

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Regex complexity limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated account (PR:L) holding read access to at least one text-based index and the ability to run ES|QL queries that invoke the CHUNK function with user-supplied regular-expression separators - the vulnerable surface is CHUNK's recursive chunking strategy accepting unvalidated, unbounded regex separators. Limiting factors: valid credentials are mandatory (not remotely unauthenticated), the ES|QL CHUNK feature must be reachable to the user, and impact is bounded to CPU/throughput degradation on the affected node - the cluster does not crash and there is no confidentiality or integrity impact.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-to-moderate priority issue, and the available signals are internally consistent rather than conflicting. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L, base 4.3) correctly reflects a network-reachable but authenticated (PR:L) denial-of-service with only partial availability impact - matching the description, which states the cluster does not crash and only query throughput for co-tenants on the affected node is degraded. There is no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit code referenced, so there is no evidence of active exploitation; this is a vendor-reported (security@elastic.co) hardening fix rather than an in-the-wild threat. The main risk driver is the low exploitation complexity (AC:L) and the fact that only read access to a single text index is needed, making it a plausible noisy-neighbor/abuse vector in multi-tenant Elasticsearch deployments. However, the capped impact (A:L, no confidentiality/integrity impact, no cluster crash, scope unchanged) keeps real-world risk modest. Note: EPSS data is absent, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified from the input - treat the low-urgency conclusion as inferred from the impact profile and authentication requirement, not from a measured EPSS figure.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A legitimate but low-privileged user (or an attacker with stolen read-only credentials) with read access to any text-based index issues an ES|QL query invoking the CHUNK function with a maliciously crafted regular expression separator designed to trigger catastrophic backtracking. The query pins Elasticsearch worker-thread CPU, degrading query latency and throughput for other tenants sharing the node. No public proof-of-concept is referenced, but ReDoS payloads for catastrophic backtracking are well-understood and trivial to construct.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 06, 2026

Denial of service in Elasticsearch stems from catastrophic backtracking in the ES|QL CHUNK function, which accepts user-supplied regular expressions as text-splitting separators without validating their computational complexity or bounding their execution time. An authenticated attacker who holds read access to any text-based index and can invoke CHUNK through ES|QL can submit a crafted pattern that drives exponential regex blowup, consuming excessive CPU on Elasticsearch worker threads and degrading query throughput for other tenants on the affected node, though the cluster does not crash. CVSS 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L) reflects a bounded availability-only impact, no public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, and patched releases are available as Elasticsearch 8.19.22, 9.4.8, and 9.5.5 per Elastic security update ESA-2026-189.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-released patch: upgrade Elasticsearch to 8.19.22, 9.4.8, or 9.5.5 as documented in Elastic security update ESA-2026-189 (https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elasticsearch-8-19-22-9-4-8-and-9-5-5-security-update-esa-2026-189/390862); these are the fixed versions named in the advisory and should be matched to the appropriate maintenance line for each cluster. Until upgrading, compensating controls focus on shrinking the reachable attack surface: restrict read privileges on text-based indices to only those users who genuinely need them and remove broad read-all roles, since exploitation requires an authenticated account with read access (the trade-off is reduced analyst and application flexibility); where feasible, limit or disable access to the ES|QL CHUNK function for untrusted or low-trust principals through role and API-level controls (trade-off: legitimate text-splitting pipelines using CHUNK will break and need reimplementation); and monitor Elasticsearch node CPU and thread-pool rejection metrics for anomalous, sustained search/write thread saturation tied to ES|QL requests so that abusive query patterns can be rate-limited or blocked at a reverse proxy or gateway (trade-off: adds an enforcement hop, may introduce legitimate query throttling, and is a detective/dampening measure rather than a fix). Because the flaw only degrades CPU and throughput without crashing the cluster, these controls reduce blast radius but do not eliminate the vulnerability - patching remains the only complete resolution.

Affected VersionsENISA

Elasticsearch 9.4.0 ≤9.4.7
Elasticsearch 9.1.0 ≤9.3.8
Elasticsearch 9.5.0 ≤9.5.4
Elasticsearch 8.19.0 ≤8.19.21

Affected Packages

euvd elasticsearch no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The issue is an Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity flaw (CWE-1333, mapped to CAPEC-492 Regular Expression Exponential Blowup) in Elasticsearch's ES|QL query engine. The CHUNK function implements a recursive chunking strategy that splits text fields using a caller-supplied list of regular expressions as separators; because those expressions are neither complexity-validated nor time-bounded, a pattern with nested or overlapping quantifiers can force the regex engine into catastrophic backtracking, where matching time grows exponentially with input length rather than linearly. The regex evaluation runs on Elasticsearch worker/search threads, so the CPU burn is shared with other queries executing on the same node, producing cross-tenant throughput degradation. Notably, the CWE-1333 class here is bounded to resource exhaustion on the query path - unlike memory-corruption or injection classes there is no data exposure, data modification, or process-crash outcome, which is consistent with the assessed vector's C:N/I:N/S:U and A:L. The vulnerable surface requires an authenticated principal (PR:L) with read privileges on at least one text-based index plus the ability to reach ES|QL and the CHUNK function, so exploitation is not remotely unauthenticated.

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Severity by source

Vendor (elastic) PRIMARY 4.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable query API (AV:N) with trivial ReDoS payload (AC:L) but requires an authenticated read-access user (PR:L); impact is partial availability degradation only (A:L), no crash, no C/I impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 4.3 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (elastic).

CVSS VectorVendor: elastic

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity (CWE-1333) in Elasticsearch can lead to denial of service via Regular Expression Exponential Blowup (CAPEC-492). The ES|QL CHUNK function's recursive chunking strategy accepts a list of user-supplied regular expressions used as text-splitting separators, without validating their computational complexity or bounding their execution time. An authenticated user with read access to any text-based index can submit a specially crafted regular expression that triggers catastrophic backtracking, consuming excessive CPU on Elasticsearch worker threads and degrading query throughput for other tenants on the affected node. The cluster does not crash as a result of this issue.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 75% exploitable
Prevalence
High
Elasticsearch is widely deployed enterprise search/analytics software
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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CVE-2020-7009 HIGH
8.8 Mar 31

Elasticsearch versions from 6.7.0 before 6.8.8 and 7.0.0 before 7.6.2 contain a privilege escalation flaw if an attacker

Vendor StatusVendor

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