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Payload Multi-Tenant EUVDEUVD-2026-93510

| CVE-2026-105864 MEDIUM
Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863)
2026-10-06 GitHub_M GHSA-xhm9-gwgw-3q2q
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as single-tenant user
  2. Exploit
    Craft create request naming foreign tenant
  3. Execution
    Faulty tenant count check passes
  4. Impact
    Record created in another tenant

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated user whose access is limited to one tenant (PR:L), AND at least one tenant-enabled collection must exist in the deployment, AND the installed @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant must be before 3.90.0 (or canary before 4.0.0-canary.34). Exploitation is strictly limited to CREATING new records in the foreign tenant - the description explicitly states reads and direct edits of existing documents in the target tenant are NOT bypassed, which meaningfully caps impact to integrity-only data injection. No end-user interaction is required.

Impact

This is a genuine but modest-severity authorization flaw (CWE-863), not a high-priority emergency. The vendor CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N) scores 5.3 (medium) and is internally consistent with the description: network-reachable, low complexity, but requiring an authenticated low-privilege account (PR:L) and yielding only limited integrity impact (VI:L) with zero confidentiality or availability impact - consistent with the description noting that reads and direct edits of existing documents are NOT bypassed, only creation of new records in another tenant. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit code were provided in the input, so there is no signal of active or widespread exploitation; absence of these is not evidence of safety but does argue against urgency. The SSVC framework is not supplied. The signals do not conflict: a low-privilege, integrity-only, create-only cross-tenant write in a specific plugin is a real multi-tenancy isolation bug worth patching promptly in affected deployments, but it is not a drop-everything issue. Note the input Tag 'Authentication Bypass' overstates the flaw - this is an authorization/tenant-isolation bypass by an already-authenticated user, not an authentication bypass.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker holds a legitimate account scoped to a single tenant in a multi-tenant Payload deployment that has at least one tenant-enabled collection. They issue a create request targeting a collection while supplying a tenant identifier belonging to a different tenant; the faulty tenant-validation check accepts it, letting them inject a new record into a tenant they should have no write access to. No public proof-of-concept was identified in the input, but the fixing commit is public and reveals the flawed logic, lowering the barrier to reproduction.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 06, 2026

Authenticated users of Payload CMS who are confined to a single tenant can create new records inside a different tenant whenever the @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant plugin (before 3.90.0, or canary before 4.0.0-canary.34) is installed and at least one tenant-enabled collection exists. The bypass is confined to record creation: reads and direct edits of pre-existing documents in the target tenant are still enforced, so the impact is integrity-only data injection rather than cross-tenant data disclosure or destruction, consistent with a CVSS score of 5.3. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant to 3.90.0 (or 4.0.0-canary.34 for canary tracks), which reworks the tenant field validation in packages/plugin-multi-tenant/src/fields/tenantField/index.ts so the count() result is destructured and compared as totalDocs > 0; the fix commit is https://github.com/payloadcms/payload/commit/b8fc06a18afb6974dc07f95ac1e541c716e5926b and the advisory is https://github.com/payloadcms/payload/security/advisories/GHSA-xhm9-gwgw-3q2q. Where immediate upgrade is not possible, compensating controls include attaching a collection-level or field-level access control / beforeValidate hook that re-checks the requested tenant against the authenticated user's permitted tenants server-side (trade-off: custom code must be maintained and any missed collection remains exposed), temporarily removing or disabling the tenant field from collections whose cross-tenant write integrity is critical (trade-off: multi-tenant functionality is lost for those collections), or restricting tenant-scoped accounts to read-only access on tenant-enabled collections until patched (trade-off: legitimate create operations for those users are blocked). Note that these workarounds do not address read or edit paths, which the advisory confirms are not affected.

Affected VersionsENISA

plugin-multi-tenant < 3.90.0
payload 4.0.0-canary.0, < 4.0.0-canary.34
payload < 3.90.0
plugin-multi-tenant 4.0.0-canary.0, < 4.0.0-canary.34

Affected Packages

npm @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant fix: 3.90.0, 4.0.0-canary.34
euvd payload fix: 3.90.0
euvd payload_4_0_0_canary_0 fix: 4.0.0-canary.34
euvd plugin_multi_tenant fix: 3.90.0
euvd plugin_multi_tenant_4_0_0_canary_0 fix: 4.0.0-canary.34

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 5 packages in npm, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Payload is an open-source headless content management system, and @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant adds per-tenant scoping to collections via a tenant field whose access logic decides whether the tenant supplied in a request (for example from a cookie) is one the caller is permitted to use. The root cause is classified as CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization): the tenant validation routine called Payload's Local API count() and treated the returned value as a boolean (isValidTenant), but count() resolves to an object such as { totalDocs, ... }, which is always truthy. As a result the check effectively always passed and tenantFromCookie was accepted even for a user whose access is restricted to another tenant. The upstream fix (commit b8fc06a18afb6974dc07f95ac1e541c716e5926b) destructures the response and evaluates totalDocs > 0, so the tenant is only accepted when matching documents actually exist under the caller's permitted scope. CPE data identifies both the core payload package (cpe:2.3:a:payloadcms:payload) and the plugin (cpe:2.3:a:@payloadcms:plugin-multi-tenant) as affected components. The flaw requires an authenticated principal (PR:L per the assessed CVSS:3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) and does not affect read or update paths, which the advisory explicitly states remain enforced.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Authenticated low-privilege tenant user (PR:L) sends a crafted create request over the network (AV:N/AC:L); impact is limited integrity (I:L, create-only), with no confidentiality or availability effect and no proven scope change.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Oct 06, 2026 - 18:19 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

Payload is a free and open source headless content management system. In @payloadcms/plugin-multi-tenant versions before 3.90.0 and canary versions before 4.0.0-canary.34, an authenticated user limited to one tenant can create a record in another tenant when at least one tenant-enabled collection exists. Reads and direct edits of existing documents in the target tenant are not bypassed. This issue is fixed in versions 3.90.0 and 4.0.0-canary.34.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular open-source headless CMS, but multi-tenant plugin is an opt-in subset
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

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