Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate to Ordering API with low-privilege account
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ExploitManipulate OrderNumber argument to GetOrderAsync
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ExecutionRetrieve another user's order record
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ImpactDisclose cross-tenant order data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Resource identifier sanitization
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires a valid authenticated low-privilege account (PR:L) on an eShop deployment's Ordering API; the attacker then supplies a manipulated OrderNumber value to the GetOrderAsync endpoint to reference order resources owned by other users. Limiting factors that sharply reduce realistic risk: (1) authentication is required, so purely anonymous access is not sufficient; (2) the impact is limited to reading order identifiers/records (information disclosure), not code execution or data modification; and (3) dotnet/eShop is a reference sample application rarely run in production, so exploitable instances are uncommon. No patched version exists because the maintainers have not yet responded to the report. |
| Impact | This is a low-real-risk issue despite being remotely reachable. The VulDB-assigned CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) scores only 2.1, and all impact metrics are Low (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) with no subsequent-system impact. The flaw is an IDOR-style 'improper control of resource identifiers' (CWE-99) in the GetOrderAsync function, tagged by VulDB as Information Disclosure - consistent with an authenticated (PR:L) low-privilege user manipulating the OrderNumber argument to read order records belonging to other users. The exploit-maturity metric E:P indicates a proof-of-concept exists, but there is NO CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score was provided, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation. The single most important risk-reducing factor is the affected product itself: dotnet/eShop is Microsoft's open-source .NET microservices REFERENCE/SAMPLE application, not production software, so real-world attack surface is minimal. Note a conflict to verify: VulDB's auto-generated vector asserts VI:L and VA:L (integrity and availability impact), but the description and Information Disclosure tag describe only unauthorized read of resource identifiers - the integrity/availability impacts appear to be VulDB default padding rather than demonstrated effects. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who holds a valid low-privilege account on an eShop deployment calls the Ordering API's order-retrieval endpoint and tampers with the OrderNumber argument passed to GetOrderAsync, causing the API to return order details belonging to a different user. A proof-of-concept is indicated by the CVSS exploit-maturity value (E:P), and because the vector is network-reachable with low complexity, no special tooling is needed beyond an authenticated session. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 05, 2026
An authenticated low-privilege user of a dotnet eShop (.NET 8) deployment can read order records belonging to other customers by manipulating the OrderNumber argument accepted by the GetOrderAsync function in the Ordering API (src/Ordering.API/Apis/OrdersApi.cs). The flaw is an improper control of resource identifiers issue (CWE-99) tagged as Information Disclosure and scored only 2.1 by the CNA (CVSS 4.0 vector), with our independent assessment at CVSS 3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N - confidentiality-only impact with no code execution or data modification. Exploitation requires a valid account (PR:L), no CISA KEV evidence of active exploitation is present, and no vendor-released patch has been identified because the maintainers have not yet responded to the report (GitHub issue #996); note that the CNA's CVSS 4.0 vector marks exploit maturity as E:P, indicating publicly available exploit code exists, but that eShop is a Microsoft reference sample application rarely run in production, which keeps realistic risk low.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis - the maintainers have not yet responded to the report filed as https://github.com/dotnet/eShop/issues/996, and there is no tagged fix in https://github.com/dotnet/eShop/. Until upstream responds, apply compensating controls at the application layer: in GetOrderAsync, add an explicit ownership/authorization check that compares the resolved order's buyer identifier with the authenticated caller's subject claim (from the JWT/identity) and returns 404/403 on mismatch - this fixes the defect directly but requires the identity context to be plumbed into the Ordering API and may break administrative or back-office flows that legitimately read other users' orders, so those flows need a separate privileged path. If the endpoint cannot be modified immediately, replace sequential or guessable OrderNumbers with non-enumerable unique identifiers (GUIDs/UUIDv7) in both storage and API responses, which makes enumeration impractical - the trade-off is a schema/contract change and migration of existing references. Because eShop is a reference sample, the strongest control is to avoid exposing it to untrusted networks at all: do not deploy the sample publicly, restrict Ordering API access to authenticated customers via gateway/ingress policy, rate-limit and log order lookups for enumeration patterns, and fail closed if ownership cannot be determined. None of these controls remove the vulnerability from the code; they only reduce exploitability until an upstream fix is published, and the enumeration-detection and network-restriction measures carry false-positive and operational-access side effects that should be tuned per deployment.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected component is the Ordering microservice of the dotnet/eShop reference application, a sample .NET 8 e-commerce architecture built with ASP.NET Core minimal APIs and Entity Framework Core. CVE-2026-105444 sits in the GetOrderAsync handler defined in src/Ordering.API/Apis/OrdersApi.cs, where an order resource is looked up directly from a caller-supplied OrderNumber without validating that the requesting principal owns that order. This is the classic resource-identifier injection / insecure direct object reference pattern, classified under CWE-99 (Improper Control of Resource Identifiers, also described as 'Resource Injection'), because attacker-controlled input selects which resource identifier the application acts on. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N, VC:L/VI:L/VA:L, SC:N/SI:N/SA:N, E:P) and our assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) agree that the primitive is remotely reachable, requires an authenticated low-privilege account, needs no user interaction, and is confined to a low confidentiality impact with no integrity, availability, or scope change. No CPE identifiers were supplied by the feeds; the only product mapping available is the project repository and the Ordering API source path referenced in the advisory. The root cause class is authorization/binding logic - the identifier is bound and used before any ownership check - rather than a memory-safety or injection-of-code defect.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Network-reachable IDOR requiring an authenticated low-privilege account (PR:L), enabling unauthorized read of other users' orders only, so C:L with no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb).
CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb
DescriptionCVE.org
A security flaw has been discovered in dotnet eShop .NET 8. The impacted element is the function GetOrderAsync of the file src/Ordering.API/Apis/OrdersApi.cs of the component Ordering API. Performing a manipulation of the argument OrderNumber results in improper control of resource identifiers. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
EUVD-2026-92801
GHSA-wvg3-r236-8v4g
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB