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Linux Kernel EUVDEUVD-2026-86976

| CVE-2026-98145 MEDIUM
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-09-25 Linux GHSA-p75r-8f9c-xr6p
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Open amdxdna render node locally
  2. Delivery
    Submit command chain with command_count zero
  3. Exploit
    Payload passes struct_size length check
  4. Execution
    drm_clflush reads byte before buffer / vmap guard page
  5. Impact
    Kernel page fault, denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires: (1) the amdxdna NPU accelerator driver present and bound, i.e. a host with AMD XDNA / Ryzen AI NPU hardware; (2) local access sufficient to open the amdxdna render node - EXEC_CMD is reachable by any process that can open the render node, consistent with PR:L; and (3) issuing a command-chain submission whose command_count field is set to zero. The faulting code path is further gated by firmware: on firmware without AIE2_NPU_COMMAND, op stays ERT_INVALID_CMD and aie2_get_npu_chain_msg_op() still returns MSG_OP_CHAIN_EXEC_NPU, so the submission proceeds to the zero-length drm_clflush_virt_range and faults on the vmap guard page. Limiting factors that reduce realistic risk: local-only vector (no network reach), dependence on the specialized amdxdna driver and underlying AMD NPU hardware, and the firmware condition above; impact is confined to a kernel crash with no confidentiality or integrity effect.

Impact

This is a local availability-only issue, not a remote or high-urgency one. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 5.5) describes an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) reachable by any local process that can open the amdxdna render node, with impact limited to a kernel crash (A:H) and no confidentiality or integrity effect (C:N/I:N). The signals are mutually consistent and point to low real-world priority: EPSS is 0.14% (3rd percentile), the vulnerability is NOT on the CISA KEV list (no confirmed active exploitation), and no proof-of-concept or exploit reference is supplied - the only references are the two kernel.org stable fix commits. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month', i.e. patch on a normal maintenance cadence rather than emergency. One cross-source discrepancy to note: the input Tags include 'Information Disclosure', but the CVSS confidentiality metric is C:N and the described behavior is a read of the byte before the buffer that faults on a guard page - i.e. a denial of service, not data disclosure; treat the disclosure tag as inaccurate. Exploitation also depends on firmware behavior (the faulting path is reached on firmware without AIE2_NPU_COMMAND via aie2_get_npu_chain_msg_op), which further narrows realistic impact.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

On a system with the AMD XDNA NPU (amdxdna) driver loaded, a local user who can open the render node issues an EXEC_CMD submitting a command chain whose command_count is zero. struct_size(payload, data, 0) still passes the payload length check, so a zero-length buffer is submitted and drm_clflush_virt_range(cmd_buf, 0) reads the byte before the buffer, faulting on the vmap guard page and crashing the kernel. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the only references are the upstream fix commits.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026

Kernel crash in the Linux kernel's accel/amdxdna driver can be triggered by a local process with low privileges (PR:L) that can open the AMD XDNA render node and submits a command chain with command_count set to zero. The zero-command payload passes the size check, the fill loop is skipped, and the resulting zero-length submission reaches drm_clflush_virt_range(cmd_buf, 0), which reads before the buffer and faults on the vmap guard page; affected systems are those with AMD XDNA/Ryzen AI NPU hardware and the amdxdna driver bound. Impact is availability-only (CVSS 5.5, C:N/I:N/A:H), EPSS is 0.14% (3rd percentile), no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and upstream fixes are referenced.

RemediationAI

Upstream fix available (commit); a released patched version is not independently confirmed by the provided data, although EUVD lists Linux 7.2.7 and 7.3-rc2 among its version entries. Apply the upstream stable fixes at https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef6d27af71e1dc43181ec797a6aaa77c27c36786 and https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed74e8d603df457bfcf16ed4f8f1660a1525759e, which reject command chains whose command_count is zero, and confirm the exact patched kernel for your distribution and branch using the CVE record at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98145. If the kernel cannot be updated immediately, restrict access to the amdxdna render node to trusted local users or groups, or remove/blacklist the amdxdna module on hosts that do not need the NPU; restricting the node reduces exposure but does not fix the defect and may break unprivileged NPU workloads, while blacklisting disables the NPU entirely.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux patch: 0
Linux 7.1
Linux patch: 7.2.7
Linux patch: 7.3-rc2
Linux 8ed8b02396172b137ca8c78c3cb999ddf4fb0bbf <ef6d27af71e1dc43181ec797a6aaa77c27c36786
Linux 8ed8b02396172b137ca8c78c3cb999ddf4fb0bbf <ed74e8d603df457bfcf16ed4f8f1660a1525759e

Affected Packages

euvd linux no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The amdxdna driver is Linux's accelerator driver for AMD XDNA/Ryzen AI NPUs and exposes a render node; EXEC_CMD is reachable by any process that can open that node. The flaw is a CWE-125 out-of-bounds read in command-chain handling: struct_size(payload, data, 0) makes a zero command_count chain pass the payload-length check, the fill loop never runs, offset remains zero, and the request is submitted with a zero-length buffer. The description notes that opcode selection differs by firmware/helper: one path stops at MSG_OP_MAX_OPCODE, while aie2_get_npu_chain_msg_op() returns MSG_OP_CHAIN_EXEC_NPU regardless and the zero-length submission continues to drm_clflush_virt_range(cmd_buf, 0), reading the byte before the buffer and faulting on the vmap guard page. CPE data is the broad cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* wildcard (listed twice), so it does not narrow exposure beyond the need for the amdxdna driver and AMD NPU hardware; tags include buffer overflow and information disclosure, but the assessed impact is availability-only.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Reachable by any local process that can open the render node (AV:L, PR:L, AC:L, UI:N); impact is a guard-page fault crashing the kernel, so A:H only with C:N/I:N and no scope change.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
CVSS changed
Oct 26, 2026 - 18:23 NVD
5.5 (MEDIUM)
CVE Published
Sep 25, 2026 - 10:36 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5
CVE Published
Sep 25, 2026 - 10:36 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

accel/amdxdna: reject a command chain that carries no commands

A chain whose command_count is zero passes the payload length check, because struct_size(payload, data, 0) is just the header. The fill loop then does not run, so offset stays zero and the request is submitted with a zero-length buffer.

On firmware without AIE2_NPU_COMMAND that ends at the opcode check, since op is still ERT_INVALID_CMD and aie2_get_chain_msg_op() answers MSG_OP_MAX_OPCODE. aie2_get_npu_chain_msg_op() answers MSG_OP_CHAIN_EXEC_NPU whatever it is given, so there the submission continues to drm_clflush_virt_range(cmd_buf, 0), which reads the byte before the buffer and faults on the vmap guard page. EXEC_CMD is reachable by any process that can open the render node.

Reject the request instead.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
driver loads only on AMD XDNA/Ryzen AI NPU hardware, narrow footprint
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

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