Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessLocate public Freeform form
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DeliveryInject Twig constant() payload in field value
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ExploitIsolated renderer evaluates expression in attribute
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ExecutionServer reflects evaluated value in response
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ImpactHarvest PHP version and filesystem paths
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Template injection prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | No authentication or user interaction required - the attacker only needs a reachable public Freeform form on a Craft CMS 5.x site running Freeform 5.0.0 through 5.10.13. Exploitation depends on submitted field values being rendered back into HTML attributes where the isolated Twig renderer evaluates them (the fix excludes the value, name, and id attributes from Twig rendering). Impact is LIMITED by the isolated Twig sandbox: only PHP/core constants (PHP_VERSION, PHP_OS) and Craft bootstrap path constants (CRAFT_BASE_PATH, CRAFT_VENDOR_PATH) are reachable - Craft globals, getenv(), alias(), database/mailer credentials, security/license keys, arbitrary file access, and code execution were not exposed in testing. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but low-severity issue that CVSS 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) captures accurately: unauthenticated, network-reachable, low-complexity, but confined to limited confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability effect. The CWE-1336 (server-side template injection) classification would normally raise RCE concerns, but both the vendor advisory (GHSA-gxrg-x694-283w) and testing explicitly confirm the isolated Twig context did NOT expose Craft globals, environment variables, database/mailer credentials, security/license keys, arbitrary files, or code execution - only PHP/core constants and Craft bootstrap path constants. So this is a case where the SSTI class label overstates real risk: confirmed impact is server/environment information disclosure (PHP version, OS, absolute filesystem paths). No EPSS score is provided and it is not in CISA KEV, so no signal of widespread or active exploitation exists - treat as 'no public exploit weaponized' despite the advisory containing a working proof-of-concept. A publicly documented PoC lowers the barrier to opportunistic scanning, but the low-value payoff (path/version disclosure, useful mainly for reconnaissance) makes this a moderate-priority patch rather than an emergency. The 'RCE' tag in the input is contradicted by the vendor's own testing and should not drive prioritization. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker locates a public Freeform form on a Craft CMS site and submits a field value containing a Twig expression such as {{ constant('CRAFT_VENDOR_PATH') }} or {{ constant('PHP_VERSION') }}@example.com. When the submitted value is reflected back into an HTML attribute (e.g. value="..."), the isolated Twig renderer evaluates it and the response leaks the server's PHP version, OS, or absolute filesystem paths. A working proof-of-concept is published in the GHSA advisory, but the disclosed data is limited to reconnaissance-grade server/environment information rather than credentials or code execution. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 23, 2026
Server-side Twig template injection in Solspace Freeform 5.0.0 through 5.10.13 for Craft CMS 5.x lets unauthenticated attackers submit Twig expressions through public forms that are evaluated by Freeform's isolated Twig renderer when field values are rendered back into HTML attributes (the vendor fix excludes the value, name, and id attributes from rendering). Confirmed impact is limited to disclosure of PHP/core and Craft bootstrap constants such as PHP_VERSION, PHP_OS, CRAFT_BASE_PATH, and CRAFT_VENDOR_PATH, plus possible form rendering errors from malformed Twig; no access to Craft globals, getenv(), alias(), database or mailer credentials, security/license keys, arbitrary files, or code execution was demonstrated in testing. Publicly available exploit code exists in the form of one-line payloads published in the vendor's GitHub security advisory (e.g. {{ constant('PHP_VERSION') }}@example.com), but there is no evidence of confirmed active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV); CVSS 5.3 and the advisory's isolated-sandbox findings indicate low severity.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Solspace Freeform to 5.10.14, which is the vendor-released fix and the version that stops Twig evaluation for the value, name, and id HTML attributes (implemented in PR #1986 / commit 5f7555320635f1cd3b4c478aa0b58e8c3144313b); update the composer/solspace/craft-freeform constraint to >= 5.10.14, run composer update, and verify the installed version, using the release page at https://github.com/solspace/craft-freeform/releases/tag/v5.10.14 and the advisory at https://github.com/solspace/craft-freeform/security/advisories/GHSA-gxrg-x694-283w as references. If immediate patching is not possible, compensating controls include removing, disabling, or unpublishing public Freeform forms and restricting submissions to authenticated users (which eliminates the unauthenticated attack vector but removes public form functionality), and deploying WAF or reverse-proxy rules that reject form POST bodies containing Twig delimiters such as {{, }}, or the constant( function (which blocks the known payloads but can produce false positives on legitimate developer-oriented content and is not a substitute for the patch). Because the only confirmed impact is limited information disclosure of PHP/platform versions and absolute filesystem paths, these strings should be treated as low-sensitivity but still worth suppressing in error output; note that no mitigation is needed for the non-issues the advisory could not confirm (credential, environment variable, or code-execution exposure), and no vendor workaround other than upgrading is documented.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in composer, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Solspace Freeform is a Craft CMS form-building plugin distributed via Composer as composer/solspace/craft-freeform (CPE cpe:2.3:a:solspace:craft-freeform:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, affected range >= 5.0.0, <= 5.10.13). The root cause is CWE-1336, improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine: user-controlled submitted field values were passed to Freeform's isolated Twig renderer inside Attributes::toHtmlTagArray(), so Twig delimiters embedded in a submitted value were compiled and evaluated server-side and the result was reflected into the HTTP response within HTML attributes such as value. Because the plugin uses an isolated Twig environment rather than the full Craft rendering context, the reachable surface is restricted to constants accessible through the constant() function - notably PHP_VERSION, PHP_OS, CRAFT_BASE_PATH, and CRAFT_VENDOR_PATH. Testing did not confirm reachability of the craft or craft.app service locator, alias(), getenv(), environment variables, database or mailer credentials, or the Craft security and license keys, and no code-execution primitive was found. The upstream patch (PR #1986, commit 5f7555320635f1cd3b4c478aa0b58e8c3144313b) adds an EXCLUDED_TWIG_ATTRIBUTES constant of ['value', 'name', 'id'] and skips Twig rendering for those keys, closing the attribute-reflection vector. The presence of 'RCE' and 'SSTI' in community tags reflects the vulnerability class rather than a demonstrated code-execution impact, which the authoritative assessment does not confirm.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Unauthenticated remote form submission (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) evaluates Twig but sandbox limits disclosure to server/path constants (C:L), with no confirmed integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Solspace Freeform plugin for Craft CMS 5.x is a super flexible form-building tool. From 5.0.0 through 5.10.13, submitted values from public Freeform forms can be evaluated by the isolated Twig renderer when rendered into HTML attributes. An unauthenticated attacker can place Twig expressions in submitted field values, including value attributes, and receive evaluated PHP, operating-system, or Craft filesystem-path constants in the form response. The isolated context was not shown to expose Craft globals, environment variables, credentials, arbitrary files, or code execution, so the confirmed impact is limited server and environment information disclosure and possible rendering errors. This issue is fixed in version 5.10.14.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-85334
GHSA-gxrg-x694-283w
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB