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Linux Kernel EUVDEUVD-2026-80518

| CVE-2026-89918 CRITICAL
2026-09-16 Linux GHSA-hcq6-hvjh-vf66
Critical
Disputed · 9.3 Vendor: Linux
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain control of a guest vCPU on arm64 KVM host
  2. Delivery
    Issue TLBI-by-VA at end of TTBR1 VA space
  3. Exploit
    base+size rolls over to 0, invalidation skipped
  4. Execution
    Stale TLB entries persist
  5. Persist
    Wrong translations break isolation
  6. Impact
    Integrity corruption or DoS on host

Vulnerability Assessment

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an arm64 KVM host and attacker control of a guest vCPU capable of issuing TLB-by-VA invalidations that KVM traps and emulates (guest-level privilege, not unauthenticated). The bug only triggers when the invalidation range lands on the last page/block of the TTBR1 VA space, so (base + size) overflows to 0 - a specific address-layout condition that limits reliable exploitation. Impact is confined to hosts running the affected code (introduced 6.16, before 6.18.51/7.2.5/7.3-rc1); the IPA-invalidation path did not suffer this rollover. This is not remotely exploitable and not triggerable without an executing guest.

Impact

This is a Linux kernel KVM/arm64 TLB-invalidation correctness bug. The vendor CVSS of 9.3 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) substantially over-states real-world risk. Three signals conflict: (1) PR:N is inconsistent with the description - the code path is KVM's handling of guest-issued TLB-by-VA invalidations, which requires an attacker to already control a guest vCPU (i.e., PR:L, authenticated within a guest), not an unauthenticated actor. (2) AC:L is questionable: the bug only manifests when a TLBI range lands on the very last page/block of the TTBR1 VA space so that (base+size) rolls over to 0 - an edge case that is layout/timing dependent to weaponize, arguing for AC:H. (3) C:H/I:H are overstated: the primary consequence is a *missed* TLB invalidation leaving stale entries, whose realistic impact is wrong translations (integrity/DoS, possibly a limited info-leak of stale data), not full confidentiality+integrity compromise. There is no KEV listing, no public POC, and no EPSS signal, so there is no evidence of active or imminent exploitation. Net: a legitimate guest→host isolation/stability bug worth patching on nested-virt-capable arm64 hosts, but far below a genuine 9.3 - my independent estimate is roughly 6.5. Note the CPE only lists generic 'linux:linux' with no version bounds; affected range must be read from the EUVD commit boundaries (introduced 6.16, fixed 6.18.51/7.2.5/7.3-rc1).

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who controls a guest vCPU on an arm64 KVM host issues TLB-by-VA invalidations crafted so the target range falls on the final page/block of the TTBR1 VA space, causing KVM's range comparison to roll over and silently skip the invalidation. The resulting stale TLB entries can yield wrong address translations, undermining memory isolation and potentially corrupting state or leaking stale data across the guest/host boundary. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and reliable exploitation would require precise control over VA-space layout.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 16, 2026

Address-rollover bug in the Linux kernel's KVM/arm64 TLB-by-VA invalidation path causes the hypervisor to silently skip an invalidation when the range ends at the last page or block of the TTBR1 VA space, because the exclusive end computation (base + size) wraps to zero. The faulty logic was introduced in Linux 6.16 and is fixed in 6.18.51, 7.2.5 and 7.3-rc1; hosts running unpatched kernels are exposed where a guest vCPU can drive trapped TLB-by-VA invalidations, while the IPA-invalidation path never suffered the rollover. The assessed vector is local (AV:L) with low privileges (PR:L) and high attack complexity (AC:H) because of the narrow address-layout precondition, with scope change and high availability impact; no public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation (no CISA KEV entry) have been identified, and the provided reference CVSS of 9.3 overstates the practical risk relative to that assessment.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-released patch by upgrading to Linux 6.18.51, 7.2.5 or 7.3-rc1 (or any later stable branch that contains the upstream fixes c624731ca6fe59ad8909ce4108301aa7560a91d6, 34af2c3e31f91a739dc175459fdbd99ed952b457 or ce447651a52ec077694172af10c4fffb11f56c43); kernel backport status for older long-term branches should be confirmed with the distribution vendor, whose advisories should be consulted alongside https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-89918. No patch-level workaround eliminates the flaw, so compensating controls must target exposure: on arm64 hosts that must stay unpatched, stop running untrusted or multi-tenant guest workloads under KVM (trade-off: loss of virtualization-based isolation and tenant density) or disable the KVM module entirely on hosts where virtualization is not required (trade-off: disables all VMs on that host). Because the trigger requires the guest to issue a TLBI-by-VA that KVM traps covering the last page/block of the TTBR1 VA space, curbing guest control over kernel-issued TLB invalidations - for example by restricting which guests are admitted and monitoring for unusual guest-memory workloads - reduces but does not remove the risk, and there is no reliable userspace-only mitigation once a guest is already executing. Reboot into the patched kernel to clear any stale TLB state left by an unpatched build.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux 4ffa72ad8f37e73bbb6c0baa88557bcb4fd39929 <c624731ca6fe59ad8909ce4108301aa7560a91d6
Linux 4ffa72ad8f37e73bbb6c0baa88557bcb4fd39929 <34af2c3e31f91a739dc175459fdbd99ed952b457
Linux patch: 0
Linux 4ffa72ad8f37e73bbb6c0baa88557bcb4fd39929 <ce447651a52ec077694172af10c4fffb11f56c43
Linux 6.16
Linux patch: 6.18.51
Linux patch: 7.2.5
Linux patch: 7.3-rc1

Affected Packages

euvd linux no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

On arm64, KVM traps guest-issued TLBI instructions and emulates them on the host by deciding whether a requested invalidation overlaps an existing TLB range entry; both ranges are represented as a start plus a size, and coverage was tested by comparing addresses against (base + size). When base + size lands exactly on the final page or block of the TTBR1 VA space, that arithmetic rolls over to zero, the overlap test fails, and the stale translation is never flushed from the host TLB. The fix makes the end address inclusive rather than exclusive so the comparison is immune to rollover, and factors the logic into a shared helper used by both the VA and IPA invalidation paths (the IPA variant did not exhibit the rollover, but was unified as suggested by Hyunwoo Kim). No CWE was assigned in the supplied data, but the root-cause class is faulty boundary/offset arithmetic in address-range comparison leading to a skipped security-relevant operation. The affected component is the arm64 KVM code in the mainline Linux kernel (CPE cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux), and the consequences are stale host TLB entries for guest mappings, which can manifest as information disclosure or memory corruption under the wrong conditions.

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Severity by source

Sources disagree (Medium–Critical)
Vendor (Linux) PRIMARY 9.3 CRITICAL
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Guest vCPU access needed (AV:L/PR:L); triggering the end-of-VA-space rollover is layout/timing dependent (AC:H); stale TLB crosses the guest/host boundary (S:C) yielding limited leak/corruption (C:L/I:L) but host DoS (A:H).

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
SUSE 3.6 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Red Hat 5.5 MEDIUM

vuln.today treats the vendor’s rating as authoritative. A higher third-party CVSS (e.g. CISA-ADP) is shown for transparency but does not drive the headline severity.

CVSS VectorVendor: Linux

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Sep 16, 2026 - 15:22 NVD
9.3 (CRITICAL)
Patch available
Sep 16, 2026 - 11:03 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 16, 2026 - 10:32 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)
CVE Published
Sep 16, 2026 - 10:32 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.3

DescriptionCVE.org

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: arm64: Correctly handle end of VA space TLBI invalidation

Our TLB invalidation by VA code is based on comparing two ranges, one defined by the TLB, and one defined by the TLBI instruction.

Each range is defined by a start and a size. However, the way the comparison is done doesn't account for address rollover, as it compares an address with (base + size). This works nicely until this expression represent the last page/block in the TTBR1 VA space, as the result is a big fat 0. And a failed TLB invalidation.

Rewrite the comparison in a way that is immune to the address rollover (making the end address inclusive instead of exclusive), and move this into a common helper that is used by both VA and IPA invalidations, as suggested by Hyunwoo Kim (although the IPA version didn't suffer from this particular problem, obviously).

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A flaw in the Linux kernel's KVM virtualization layer for Arm64 (Arm-based servers, including many cloud and edge platforms) can cause a hypervisor to skip a memory-invalidation step on hosts running kernels 6.16 and later, creating a risk of host-level memory inconsistency and loss of availability for every workload on an affected machine. The weakness demands local, low-privileged access and a narrow memory-layout precondition, and no working exploit has surfaced publicly, so the practical threat today is limited to well-resourced actors with a foothold inside a guest. Leadership should care because the blast radius crosses tenant boundaries on multi-tenant Arm infrastructure, where a single compromised guest could degrade an entire host and its co-resident workloads.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 92% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
arm64 KVM host feature, end-of-VA-space TLBI path, introduced only in 6.16
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 Not-Affected

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