Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSend crafted HTTP request to Tutor LMS endpoint
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ExploitInject SQL grammar via unvalidated parameter
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ExecutionDatabase query returns non-public course Q&A rows
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ImpactAttacker reads restricted question and answer content
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | No authentication is required - the vulnerability is reachable by any unauthenticated HTTP client with network access to the WordPress installation. No special configuration is needed beyond having Tutor LMS plugin versions 4.0.0-4.0.5 installed and active. Exploitation is limited in two key ways: first, the SQL injection does not allow arbitrary data extraction from the database (e.g., credential tables, user PII) - the constrained query grammar yields only course Q&A content; second, the confidentiality impact is relevant only when the WordPress site has courses or quizzes configured as non-public, since public course content would already be accessible without exploitation. Sites with no restricted course content, or with Tutor LMS deactivated, are not meaningfully exposed. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium) accurately reflects the constrained confidentiality impact: the SQL injection does not allow full database extraction but does expose non-public course Q&A content, which may be commercially sensitive for course creators. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms this is remotely exploitable without authentication and at low complexity, making it broadly automatable - consistent with the SSVC assessment of Automatable: yes. However, EPSS at 0.21% (11th percentile) is notably low despite a publicly available PoC being referenced in the WPScan advisory, suggesting exploitation has not yet been observed at scale. SSVC records Exploitation: none, partially corroborating the low EPSS. The mismatch between PoC availability and low exploitation probability suggests opportunistic mass scanning has not yet materialized, but the low barrier to attack means that risk could increase quickly. Technical Impact is assessed as partial by SSVC, consistent with the limited scope of data disclosed. Overall, this is a real but bounded risk: organizations running Tutor LMS with non-public course content containing sensitive Q&A material should prioritize patching, while those without sensitive restricted content face lower urgency. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP GET or POST request to the vulnerable Tutor LMS endpoint, injecting SQL metacharacters into an unvalidated parameter that is interpolated directly into a database query. The injected grammar causes the query to return question-and-answer rows belonging to courses marked as non-public, disclosing potentially proprietary assessment content to the attacker. A publicly available proof-of-concept documented by WPScan reduces the technical skill required to execute this attack. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 26, 2026
SQL injection and unrestricted template file loading in the Tutor LMS WordPress plugin before version 4.0.6 exposes non-public course question-and-answer content to unauthenticated remote attackers. User-supplied values are incorporated directly into database query grammar without validation, and no restriction is enforced on which template file a request may load. Although a publicly available proof-of-concept exists and the flaw is fully automatable with no authentication barrier, the SQL injection is constrained by database engine behavior such that it does not yield arbitrary table extraction - impact is limited to disclosure of restricted course Q&A material. No confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been reported at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
The primary fix is to upgrade Tutor LMS to version 4.0.6 or later, which is confirmed available from the vendor and documented in the WPScan advisory at https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/8830ba91-c316-4823-90a8-0cf0e527468f/. If immediate upgrade is not feasible, a compensating control is to restrict unauthenticated access to the plugin's query endpoints via WAF rules targeting anomalous SQL metacharacter patterns (e.g., single quotes, UNION, SELECT keywords) in relevant request parameters - though WAF bypass is possible with obfuscated payloads, reducing this to a defense-in-depth measure only. Disabling public enrollment or restricting front-end access to the affected quiz or course views via authentication requirements at the web server level would also reduce exposure. No compensating control eliminates the underlying flaw; patching to 4.0.6 is the only confirmed remediation.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Tutor LMS is a WordPress learning management system plugin (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:unknown:tutor_lms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) used to deliver online courses, quizzes, and assessments. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command). Rather than using parameterized queries or prepared statements, the plugin interpolates unsanitized user input directly into SQL query structure - meaning attacker-controlled tokens become part of the query grammar itself. A secondary weakness allows attackers to influence which template file is loaded per request, potentially aiding in data extraction or information disclosure. The affected version range is 4.0.0 through 4.0.5, as confirmed by WPScan and EUVD-2026-66273.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Network-reachable, unauthenticated, low-complexity flaw with only partial confidentiality loss (course Q&A, not arbitrary DB); no integrity or availability impact applies.
Primary rating from Vendor (WPScan).
CVSS VectorVendor: WPScan
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
The Tutor LMS WordPress plugin before 4.0.6 does not validate values used to build a database query, and does not restrict which template file a request may load, allowing unauthenticated users to inject SQL and to read question and answer content belonging to courses that are not publicly available.
The injected text reaches the query as grammar rather than as data, and on the database engines tested it does not yield extraction of arbitrary data, so the confidentiality impact is the disclosed course content rather than the database at large.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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EUVD-2026-66273
GHSA-ch2m-mj23-v6w4
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB