Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CAP_SYS_ADMIN required for KVM SEV ioctls (PR:H); race condition timing dependency raises complexity (AC:H); scope change justified by cross-VM SEV isolation impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).
CVSS VectorVendor: Linux
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
5DescriptionCVE.org
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: SVM: Serialize accesses to the owner and mirror list with separate lock
Interaction between KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM and KVM_CAP_VM_COPY_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM can cause two separate issues:
- in sev_migrate_from(), when the destination KVM is a mirror, the mirror
entry is moved from the source's list to the owner's mirror_vms list, without holding the owner's lock unlike other writers of the owner's mirror list (sev_vm_copy_enc_context_from(), sev_vm_destroy()). A concurrent COPY or destroy can race with sev_migrate_from() and corrupt the list.
- In sev_vm_destroy(), the *owner* is still active and could receive
concurrently a KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM that causes sev->enc_context_owner to change. In this case the incorrect VM receives kvm_put_kvm().
The second issue needs particular care because the owner could disappear altogether (even though the race window is impossibly small) between reading it and locking it. There is thus no way to perform the checks under the owner lock without putting struct kvm under SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU (which would allow kvm_get_kvm_safe() under RCU critical section).
It is much simpler to just use a global lock, since the critical sections are so small and the new lock is always a leaf lock.
AnalysisAI
Race conditions in the Linux kernel KVM/SVM subsystem allow local attackers with low privileges to corrupt the SEV mirror VM list or trigger incorrect reference counting in the hypervisor. Two distinct concurrency flaws exist: sev_migrate_from() modifies the owner's mirror_vms list without holding the owner lock, enabling list corruption when concurrent COPY or destroy operations race with a migration; and sev_vm_destroy() can read a stale enc_context_owner pointer after it changes via a concurrent KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM ioctl, causing kvm_put_kvm() to be called on the wrong VM struct. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires all of the following to be simultaneously true: (1) the host runs the Linux kernel in a version range starting from commit b2125513dfc0dd0ec5a9605138a3c356592cfb73 and before the respective patch commits; (2) the host CPU is an AMD processor with SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) support enabled in firmware and kernel (kvm_amd module with SEV enabled); (3) the attacker holds CAP_SYS_ADMIN on the host (or equivalent hypervisor management authority) sufficient to issue KVM ioctls for SEV context management - standard unprivileged local users cannot trigger this code path; (4) at least one SEV mirror VM is active (created via KVM_CAP_VM_COPY_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM); and (5) concurrent invocation of KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM races with either another KVM_CAP_VM_COPY_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM, sev_vm_destroy(), or both. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | Despite a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 with Scope:Changed and High C/I/A, the practical exploitation difficulty is substantial. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker with CAP_SYS_ADMIN access on a KVM hypervisor host running AMD SEV configures a mirror VM using KVM_CAP_VM_COPY_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM to share an encryption context with an owner VM. The attacker then concurrently invokes KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM on the mirror alongside a parallel VM destroy or copy operation, triggering unserialized modification of the mirror_vms linked list and potentially causing kernel heap corruption. … |
| Remediation | The primary remediation is to upgrade the Linux kernel to a patched stable version: 6.18.45 or later for the 6.x branch (https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/47976eaaf0a4eb46dade48b3246779090db9e3ec), 7.1.9 or later for the 7.1.x branch (https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d728baba0f20e49439fc7831bf3e4e7dee82161a), or 7.2 or later for the 7.2 line (https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d78d33275ef2a16c6d080910b291d0a97a0e633). … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours, identify all Linux systems running KVM or AMD SVM hypervisors by checking virtualization capabilities on production and non-production systems. …
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-64544
GHSA-v5cv-jrwx-xxrg