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Linux Kernel EUVDEUVD-2026-59398

| CVE-2026-72499 HIGH
2026-08-15 Linux GHSA-2899-vqg2-g66r
8.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Linux
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Local access to RDMA-capable system
  2. Delivery
    Open bnxt_re RDMA device
  3. Exploit
    Repeatedly trigger CQ create/destroy cycles
  4. Install
    Race NQ interrupt against free_page() call
  5. C2
    Write toggle value to freed kernel page
  6. Execute
    Corrupt adjacent kernel memory
  7. Impact
    Escalate privileges or crash system

Vulnerability Assessment

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires: (1) a Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C network adapter with the bnxt_re kernel driver loaded and RDMA functionality enabled - systems without this specific hardware and driver are entirely unaffected regardless of kernel version; (2) local low-privilege access (confirmed by CVSS PR:L) to the system, allowing the attacker to invoke RDMA verbs and trigger CQ lifecycle operations; (3) successful timing of an NQ interrupt arrival within the narrow race window between free_page() and completion of bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq() - this window is hardware-interrupt-driven and not directly controllable by the attacker, requiring repeated teardown cycles to probabilistically trigger. Limiting factors include: hardware specificity (only Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C RDMA adapters), RDMA must be actively configured and in use on the target system, and the race window is transient and hardware-dependent. Remote unauthenticated exploitation is not possible given the confirmed local attack vector (AV:L).

Impact

The reported CVSS 8.8 (High) with S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H reflects worst-case kernel memory corruption potential, theoretically enabling privilege escalation or kernel panic. However, real-world risk is substantially tempered by several converging signals: EPSS is 0.15% (5th percentile), indicating minimal observed exploitation activity. The vulnerability is not in CISA KEV and no POC is publicly available. Exploitation requires both a Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C RDMA-capable adapter and an active RDMA workload performing CQ teardown, substantially narrowing the exposed population. The race window is narrow - an NQ interrupt must arrive in the specific interval between free_page() and bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq() completion - which may warrant AC:H rather than the reported AC:L; the AC:L assessment appears optimistic for a hardware-interrupt-timing race condition. The 'Information Disclosure' tag conflicts with the C:H/I:H/A:H vector; full compromise impact is inferred from CVSS rather than independently confirmed through a vendor advisory detailing actual exploitation impact.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local user with low privileges on a server equipped with a Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C adapter in RDMA mode repeatedly initiates and tears down Completion Queues via RDMA verbs to maximize the probability of an NQ interrupt arriving within the race window. By sustaining this high-frequency teardown pattern, the attacker eventually causes a hardware interrupt to write the toggle value to a freed kernel memory page, potentially corrupting adjacent kernel structures and enabling privilege escalation to root. No public proof-of-concept exists at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 17, 2026

Use-after-free race condition in the Linux kernel's RDMA bnxt_re driver allows a local low-privileged user to corrupt kernel memory by triggering a Notification Queue (NQ) interrupt that writes to a freed CQ toggle page during Completion Queue teardown. Systems running Linux kernel versions prior to 7.1.5 or 7.2-rc1 with Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C RDMA-capable adapters are affected. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; EPSS remains at 0.15% (5th percentile), reflecting low real-world exploitation probability at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

The upstream fix is confirmed in two stable-branch commits: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb45e06f9914ca64ac95341a80a0c20bb8dd46a9 and https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b193854675ecad43b4d69c304c1b6a90b206cc99. The fix moves the free_page() call to after bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq() completes, eliminating the use-after-free window. Upgrade to Linux kernel 7.1.5 (stable) or 7.2-rc1 (development). For systems that cannot be patched immediately and do not require RDMA functionality, unloading or blacklisting the bnxt_re kernel module via 'modprobe -r bnxt_re' or adding 'blacklist bnxt_re' to /etc/modprobe.d/ eliminates the vulnerable code path entirely; the trade-off is loss of RDMA capability on Broadcom NetXtreme adapters, which may impact latency-sensitive workloads such as HPC or storage fabrics. Environments that require RDMA should treat patching as priority given no functionality-preserving workaround exists.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux e275919d96693c5ca964b20d73a33d52a7e57f04 <bb45e06f9914ca64ac95341a80a0c20bb8dd46a9
Linux e275919d96693c5ca964b20d73a33d52a7e57f04 <b193854675ecad43b4d69c304c1b6a90b206cc99
Linux patch: 7.2-rc1
Linux patch: 7.1.5
Linux patch: 0
Linux 6.8

Affected Packages

euvd linux no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C RDMA kernel driver (bnxt_re) implements Completion Queues (CQ) used to signal completion of RDMA operations. A CQ toggle page is a kernel memory page used for doorbell toggle operations between the driver and hardware. During CQ destruction via bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq(), the original code freed the toggle page before completing firmware teardown - creating a time-of-free-to-use window where an incoming NQ (Notification Queue) hardware interrupt could attempt to write the toggle value to the now-freed page. This is a classic CWE-416 (Use After Free) race condition between asynchronous hardware interrupt delivery and kernel memory management. The S:C (Scope Change) in the CVSS vector reflects that kernel memory corruption within a driver context can affect the broader kernel execution environment beyond the isolated bnxt_re component. Affected CPE: cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux.

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Severity by source

Vendor (Linux) PRIMARY 8.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

AC:H because reliable race-window timing between free_page() and hardware NQ interrupt delivery requires repeated attempts; PR:L for local RDMA device access; S:C as kernel driver corruption propagates to the full kernel execution environment.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SUSE 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Red Hat 7.0 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).

CVSS VectorVendor: Linux

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
CVSS changed
Aug 17, 2026 - 06:22 NVD
8.8 (HIGH)
CVE Published
Aug 15, 2026 - 05:57 cve.org
HIGH 8.8
CVE Published
Aug 15, 2026 - 05:57 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionCVE.org

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/bnxt_re: Free CQ toggle page after firmware teardown

Free the toggle page only after firmware teardown completes so that an NQ interrupt arriving during bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq() won't write the toggle value to an already-freed page. Move free_page() after bnxt_qplib_destroy_cq.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A use-after-free vulnerability (CVE-2026-72499, CVSS 8.8) in the Linux RDMA driver enables local users to corrupt kernel memory on systems with Broadcom NetXtreme-E/C adapters, creating availability and potential privilege escalation risks. Affected systems run unpatched Linux kernels prior to 7.1.5 or 7.2-rc1; no public exploit has been identified, but immediate inventory and remediation planning is warranted given the technical severity.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include: disable RDMA driver on systems where functionality is not required for operational needs; restrict local system access through SSH key enforcement and privilege management; deploy kernel-level integrity monitoring (Auditd, dm-verity, or equivalent) to detect unauthorized memory modifications; isolate affected systems from untrusted network segments; configure alerting on kernel panic logs and RDMA Completion Queue error events.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 95% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
requires Broadcom NetXtreme RDMA adapter, niche datacenter hardware
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

44
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 Affected

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