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Trigger.dev EUVDEUVD-2026-58390

| CVE-2026-73656 CRITICAL
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-08-13 GitHub_M
9.9
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Obtain valid API key for own project
  2. Delivery
    Acquire victim deployment friendlyId
  3. Exploit
    POST to background-workers with victim ID
  4. Install
    Link attacker-owned worker to victim deployment
  5. C2
    Force deployment BUILDING
  6. Execute
    DEPLOYING
  7. Impact
    Compromise victim deployment integrity

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid Trigger.dev API key for any project (PR:L) - this is authenticated per the CVSS vector, not anonymous. The attacker must know or guess the victim deployment's friendlyId, and the target deployment must be in a state where linking a background worker and transitioning BUILDING→DEPLOYING is meaningful. No user interaction is needed (UI:N) and the request is fully network-remote (AV:N) against the /api/v1/deployments/:deploymentId/background-workers endpoint. Limiting factors: exploitation is bounded by possession of a valid API key and by knowledge of a victim's deployment identifier; it does not work against fully unauthenticated callers, and it is only impactful on affected versions prior to the fix.

Impact

The signals are mostly consistent toward high priority: the vendor-supplied vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H yields 9.9, reflecting a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that needs only low privileges (any valid API key) and crosses a tenant boundary (scope change). Attaching an attacker-owned worker to a victim deployment and advancing its lifecycle is a genuine integrity and potentially availability/code-execution concern for the victim project, so operators - from large SaaS tenants down to a mid-sized team self-hosting a single instance - should treat this as urgent. Tempering factors: there is no CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score in the provided data, and no public PoC was supplied, so this is not confirmed as actively exploited - it is a high-severity, easily-reachable authorization flaw rather than a demonstrated in-the-wild campaign. One data conflict must be resolved: the description states the fix landed in 4.5.6 (twice), but the reference set points to release tag v4.5.2 and PR #4199 - verify the exact fixed version with the vendor advisory (GHSA-j6vv-pq9h-f4wj) before relying on either number.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker signs up for or already holds any low-privilege Trigger.dev account and generates a valid API key for their own project. They obtain a victim deployment's friendlyId (guessable/enumerable or leaked) and POST to /api/v1/deployments/:deploymentId/background-workers with that identifier, causing the server to link their attacker-controlled background worker to the victim's deployment and advance it from BUILDING to DEPLOYING. No public PoC is documented, but the low attack complexity and single authenticated request make exploitation straightforward if a valid identifier is known.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 13, 2026

Cross-tenant authorization bypass in Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 lets a caller holding a valid API key for one project act on another project's deployment. Because CreateDeploymentBackgroundWorkerServiceV4.call() looks up the deployment by friendlyId with no environmentId/tenant predicate, an attacker can attach an attacker-controlled background worker to a victim project's deployment and force it from BUILDING to DEPLOYING. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the flaw is an insecure-direct-object-reference (IDOR) affecting the deployments API.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to the fixed Trigger.dev release; the description specifies 4.5.6, but because the references cite release v4.5.2 and PR #4199, confirm the exact patched tag against advisory GHSA-j6vv-pq9h-f4wj before deploying (https://github.com/triggerdotdev/trigger.dev/security/advisories/GHSA-j6vv-pq9h-f4wj, https://github.com/triggerdotdev/trigger.dev/pull/4199). Self-hosters should apply the upgrade promptly since the endpoint is authenticated-but-cross-tenant reachable. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, compensating controls include restricting network reachability of the /api/v1/deployments/:deploymentId/background-workers endpoint to trusted CI/deploy pipelines (e.g. via a reverse proxy allowlist), rotating and tightly scoping API keys to limit which principals hold valid credentials, and monitoring deployment state transitions for background workers whose owning project does not match the deployment's project - the trade-off is that endpoint-level blocking may break legitimate CI-driven deploys, so scope any allowlist to your build infrastructure.

Affected VersionsENISA

trigger.dev < 4.5.2

Affected Packages

euvd trigger_dev fix: 4.5.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Trigger.dev is an open-source platform for building and running managed background jobs, AI agents, and workflows, deployed both as a hosted SaaS and self-hosted. The defect is in apps/webapp/app/v3/services/createDeploymentBackgroundWorkerV4.server.ts, reached via POST /api/v1/deployments/:deploymentId/background-workers. The Prisma query workerDeployment.findFirst() resolves the target by user-supplied friendlyId alone, omitting the environmentId predicate that would bind the record to the caller's project/environment. This is a textbook CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key): a globally meaningful identifier is trusted without verifying the caller owns the referenced object, allowing horizontal privilege escalation across tenants. The linked PR #4199 bundles broader tenant-scoping hardening (scoping run/batch/trigger lookups to the caller's tenant, rejecting cross-project replays), consistent with a class of missing-tenant-predicate issues in the webapp.

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 9.9 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 9.1 CRITICAL

Any valid API key suffices (PR:L), request is remote and low-complexity, cross-tenant boundary gives S:C; core impact is integrity (I:H) via injecting a worker, with limited confidentiality/availability effect.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Aug 13, 2026 - 21:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Aug 13, 2026 - 19:56 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.9

DescriptionCVE.org

Trigger.dev is a platform for building and deploying fully managed AI agents and workflows. Prior to 4.5.6, POST /api/v1/deployments/:deploymentId/background-workers calls CreateDeploymentBackgroundWorkerServiceV4.call() in apps/webapp/app/v3/services/createDeploymentBackgroundWorkerV4.server.ts, where workerDeployment.findFirst() selects a deployment by friendlyId without an environmentId predicate. A caller with a valid API key for one project can submit another project's deployment identifier, link an attacker-owned background worker to the victim deployment, and move the victim deployment from BUILDING to DEPLOYING. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.6.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Trigger.dev before version 4.5.6 enables any API key holder to compromise deployments across projects without authorization, allowing attackers to inject malicious background workers and force operational state changes. While no public exploit has been identified, this cross-tenant authorization bypass means a compromised API key threatens your entire Trigger.dev deployment footprint. Immediate API key rotation and compensating controls are critical-no vendor patch is currently available.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: immediately rotate all Trigger.dev API keys and restrict them to minimal scope; implement comprehensive API access logging and alerting for cross-project deployment modifications; enforce network-level IP whitelisting for all Trigger.dev API traffic; consider disabling API key authentication entirely pending patch availability and migrating to OAuth or service account mechanisms; audit and lock down all deployment states in victim projects; monitor for and isolate any unauthorized background workers attached to deployments.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 73% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
developer background-jobs/AI-workflow platform, moderate SaaS and self-host adoption
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

50
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +50
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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