Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify network-accessible PentAGI instance
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DeliveryCraft complex payload targeting pentester.tmpl handler
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ExploitSubmit malformed Tool Management Protocol request
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ExecutionBypass sandbox privilege boundary in template processing
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ImpactAchieve partial data disclosure or limited tool execution outside intended scope
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
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| Exploitation Conditions | The vulnerability is remotely exploitable with no authentication required (PR:N, AV:N per CVSS 4.0), but requires high attack complexity (AC:H) - the attacker must craft a precise manipulation of inputs processed by the Tool Management Protocol Handler in the pentester prompt template. Exploitation is conditioned on: (1) the PentAGI instance being network-accessible, as the attack vector is network; (2) the Tool Management Protocol Handler being active and processing external or attacker-influenced input - if the handler only processes internally generated tool calls, external exploitation may be constrained. What limits exploitation: the high complexity requirement means generic scanning tools are unlikely to succeed; the vendor's non-response suggests no internal mitigations have been deployed; and the low CIA impact (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) bounds the blast radius to partial disclosure or limited manipulation rather than full system compromise. Non-default configurations are not explicitly required - the vulnerability appears to affect standard PentAGI deployments up to 2.1.0. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) reflects a moderate-risk profile: network-accessible and requiring no credentials, but gated behind high attack complexity that substantially limits opportunistic exploitation. The E:P supplemental metric confirms a publicly available proof-of-concept. There is no CISA KEV listing, meaning active exploitation in the wild is not currently confirmed - distinguishing this from an emergency-tier issue. EPSS data was not provided, so probabilistic exploitation rate cannot be quoted. Real-world risk is meaningfully tempered by: (1) high attack complexity requiring sophisticated crafted inputs, (2) only low-level impact across CIA triad on the vulnerable system, and (3) the niche deployment footprint of an AI pentesting framework versus commodity infrastructure. However, the combination of a public exploit, an unresponsive vendor, and no patch raises the residual risk - defenders cannot rely on a forthcoming fix and must apply compensating controls immediately. The tag 'Information Disclosure' suggests the most realistic impact is leakage of data accessible to the AI agent's tool context. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with network access to a PentAGI deployment crafts a specially constructed input targeting the Tool Management Protocol Handler, leveraging the published proof-of-concept at https://github.com/ez-lbz/pentagi-vul-report. The crafted payload manipulates the pentester.tmpl template processing logic to exceed sandbox privilege boundaries, potentially causing the AI agent to access or disclose information outside its intended scope. The high attack complexity means successful exploitation requires precise understanding of the template handling internals, limiting this to skilled or research-grade attackers rather than script-kiddie opportunism. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 03, 2026
Sandbox escape in vxcontrol PentAGI up to 2.1.0 exposes a privilege boundary weakness in the Tool Management Protocol Handler, rooted in the pentester prompt template file. Remote unauthenticated attackers who can craft sufficiently complex inputs may bypass sandbox constraints on the AI agent's tool execution context, achieving limited confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact against the vulnerable system. A public proof-of-concept exists on GitHub; no patch has been released and the vendor has not responded to disclosure - leaving all deployments on versions up to 2.1.0 without a vendor-sanctioned fix.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis - the vendor did not respond to responsible disclosure. As a primary compensating control, operators should restrict network-level access to the PentAGI Tool Management Protocol Handler endpoint to trusted hosts only, reducing the network-accessible attack surface consistent with the AV:N vector. Given that the attack requires high complexity (AC:H), isolating the service behind a VPN or API gateway with strict allowlisting of callers is a practical hardening measure with minimal operational trade-off. Operators should monitor the public proof-of-concept repository at https://github.com/ez-lbz/pentagi-vul-report for updated exploit capability that may lower exploitation complexity over time. Disabling or restricting the pentester template's tool-calling capabilities at the configuration level, if the framework supports granular tool permissions, would further limit the exploitable surface. Upgrade to a version beyond 2.1.0 if and when the vendor releases a fix; watch VulDB tracking at https://vuldb.com/vuln/385421 for patch availability updates.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
PentAGI is an AI-powered autonomous penetration testing framework developed by vxcontrol (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:vxcontrol:pentagi:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). The vulnerability resides in backend/pkg/templates/prompts/pentester.tmpl, which defines the prompt structure governing the AI agent's tool-use decisions within its Tool Management Protocol Handler. CWE-265 (Privilege Issues) indicates that the flaw involves inadequate enforcement of privilege or capability boundaries - in this context, the sandbox restrictions governing which tools the AI agent may invoke or what data it may access. This class of weakness is particularly relevant to agentic AI systems that rely on prompt templates to constrain autonomous tool execution: a manipulation of the template handling logic can allow the agent to exceed its intended privilege envelope, effectively escaping the sandboxed execution context.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Network vector and no privileges required align with description; high complexity reflects difficult exploitability; unchanged scope and low CIA match the bounded sandbox escape impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A weakness has been identified in vxcontrol PentAGI up to 2.1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file backend/pkg/templates/prompts/pentester.tmpl of the component Tool Management Protocol Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to sandbox issue. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The attack requires a high level of complexity. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
EUVD-2026-52222
GHSA-x3p6-h888-267q
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB