Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain local user session on Windows host
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DeliveryOpen handle to Bluetooth Port Driver
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ExploitRace IOCTLs to trigger use-after-free
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ExecutionReclaim freed kernel object with controlled data
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PersistHijack kernel execution flow
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ImpactElevate to SYSTEM privileges
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The attacker must already have an authenticated local session on the target Windows host with at least standard user privileges (CVSS PR:L) and the ability to open a handle to the Bluetooth Port Driver - meaning the Bluetooth stack must be installed and the bthserv service running, which is the default on Windows client SKUs with Bluetooth hardware but is typically absent on hardened servers without Bluetooth radios. Exploitation is limited by high attack complexity (AC:H), indicating a race condition or specific kernel-object state must be won, which generally requires multiple attempts and stable timing; no user interaction is required (UI:N), and the attack cannot be launched over the network (AV:L). Systems without Bluetooth hardware or with the Bluetooth service disabled are not exploitable. |
| Impact | The CVSS vector AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates a local attack requiring low privileges, no user interaction, and high attack complexity - the latter reflecting the race-condition or specific-state-trigger nature typical of UAF bugs. The S:U scope is technically conservative for a kernel driver flaw, but C/I/A:H confirm full host compromise on success. There is no KEV listing, no EPSS score, and no POC referenced in the provided data, suggesting this is currently a theoretical-but-credible escalation primitive rather than an actively weaponized chain. The 'Denial Of Service' tag is consistent with UAF bugs whose simplest failure mode is a kernel BSOD even when full code execution is not achieved. Realistic priority: high for endpoint fleets with untrusted local users (kiosks, shared workstations, malware sandboxes) where it could chain with an RCE; moderate for tightly controlled corporate endpoints. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A standard user with interactive logon (e.g., on a shared workstation or via a compromised user-mode foothold from phishing) opens handles to the Bluetooth Port Driver and races IOCTL or device-event sequences to free a kernel object while another thread still holds a reference, then sprays the freed slot with attacker-controlled data to hijack a callback or vtable pointer. On success, arbitrary code executes in kernel mode, granting SYSTEM and disabling EDR/anti-malware controls. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity (AC:H) implies reliable exploitation likely requires precise timing or heap-grooming primitives. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 09, 2026
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Port Driver allows an authorized low-privileged attacker to elevate to higher privileges by triggering a use-after-free condition in the kernel-mode driver. The flaw is reported by Microsoft Security Response Center and carries a CVSS 7.0 (high) rating with high attack complexity, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS data and CISA KEV status were not provided in the input, so widespread exploitation is not confirmed.
RemediationAI
Patch available per vendor advisory - apply the Microsoft security update referenced at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45640 via Windows Update or WSUS as soon as it appears in your patch cycle, selecting the KB matching each affected Windows build. Where patching must be deferred, the most effective compensating control is to disable the Bluetooth service (bthserv) and unload/disable the Bluetooth radio in Device Manager on systems that do not require wireless peripherals, which fully removes the attack surface but breaks Bluetooth keyboards, mice, headsets, and proximity-unlock features. On managed fleets, you can additionally restrict local logon to trusted accounts (since PR:L is required) via Group Policy 'Deny log on locally' to limit who can stage the local trigger. Standard kernel-mode mitigations such as Hypervisor-protected Code Integrity (HVCI) and Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) raise the bar for converting the UAF into reliable SYSTEM execution but do not eliminate the bug.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 17 packages in microsoft, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability resides in the Windows Bluetooth Port Driver, a kernel-mode component (typically BthPort.sys) that mediates communication between the Bluetooth stack and underlying transport drivers. The root cause is CWE-416 (Use After Free), where memory is referenced after it has been freed - commonly triggered by race conditions between IRP (I/O Request Packet) handling, device arrival/removal events, or concurrent IOCTL invocations against the driver. Successful exploitation of a UAF in a kernel driver typically yields kernel-mode code execution, enabling full SYSTEM-level compromise of the host. No CPE strings were provided in the input, so the specific affected Windows builds must be retrieved from Microsoft's update guide.
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Severity by source
Sources disagree (Medium–Critical)AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today treats the vendor’s rating as authoritative. A higher third-party CVSS (e.g. CISA-ADP) is shown for transparency but does not drive the headline severity.
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Use after free in Windows Bluetooth Port Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2026-45640 is a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the Windows Bluetooth Port Driver that allows low-privileged users with system access to gain administrative privileges. This affects all Windows systems with Bluetooth functionality and represents a significant insider threat vector. Immediate action is required as no vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include: disable Bluetooth on non-critical systems, implement least-privilege access controls for low-privileged users, restrict driver-level access, deploy monitoring solutions to detect privilege escalation attempts, and maintain regular review of vendor security advisories.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.
Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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GHSA-p23p-88jv-fvg5
NVD
CVE.org
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