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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Submit malicious form with path-traversal payload
  2. Delivery
    Plugin resolves payload to filesystem path
  3. Exploit
    wp-config.php attached to notification email
  4. Install
    Attacker receives credentials via email
  5. C2
    Cleanup routine deletes wp-config.php
  6. Execute
    Site denial of service
  7. Impact
    Attacker accesses database with stolen credentials

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Vulnerable Everest Forms installation (≤3.4.4) with a public form containing a file-upload field or image-upload field AND the 'Disable storing entry information in database' option enabled in form settings (non-default configuration). This specific configuration requirement is the primary limiting factor-most WordPress forms retain entry data for record-keeping, making the vulnerable code path less commonly triggered. No authentication, user interaction, or special network access required beyond standard HTTP form submission capability. Exploitation is limited to sites where administrators have intentionally disabled entry storage for privacy, performance, or compliance reasons. Successful file deletion requires web server write permissions to target files, though read operations (file disclosure via email attachment) work regardless of deletion success.

Impact

Real-world risk is significant despite AC:H (high complexity) in the CVSS vector. The attack requires no authentication (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N) and is remotely exploitable (AV:N), but complexity is elevated because the form must contain a file-upload field AND have entry storage disabled-a non-default configuration limiting the attack surface. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts are all High (C:H/I:H/A:H), reflecting complete site compromise potential through wp-config.php disclosure (database credentials, salts) and arbitrary file deletion. Wordfence-reported vulnerability with public source code references and changeset 3507814 confirming the fix increases exploitation likelihood. Without EPSS data or KEV status, we cannot confirm active exploitation, but the technical barrier is moderate-attackers must identify vulnerable forms with the specific configuration, then craft path-traversal payloads. The dual impact (read-then-delete) is particularly severe: exfiltrated credentials enable database access and privilege escalation, while deletion of wp-config.php or .htaccess files causes immediate denial of service. Priority is elevated for WordPress sites using Everest Forms with public-facing forms containing upload fields, especially if entry storage is disabled for privacy/performance reasons. The CVSS 8.1 accurately reflects severity, but real exploitation requires reconnaissance to identify vulnerable form configurations.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated attacker identifies a WordPress site running Everest Forms ≤3.4.4 with a publicly accessible contact form containing a file-upload field and entry storage disabled. The attacker submits a malicious form with a crafted old_files parameter containing '../../../../wp-config.php' using path traversal sequences. The plugin's flawed path resolution converts this to the local filesystem path of wp-config.php, attaches the file to the notification email sent to the site administrator, and subsequently deletes wp-config.php during the cleanup routine. The attacker either intercepts the email (if sent to a controlled address via other vulnerabilities) or exploits the deletion to cause site downtime, then uses error messages or backup exfiltration methods to obtain database credentials.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Apr 20, 2026

Path traversal in Everest Forms (WordPress plugin) allows unauthenticated attackers to read and delete arbitrary files on the server through malicious form submissions containing crafted old_files parameters. Vulnerable versions ≤3.4.4 use regex-based path resolution without canonicalization, enabling attackers to traverse directories, exfiltrate wp-config.php via email attachments (exposing database credentials and authentication salts), and trigger automatic deletion of targeted files post-email. CVSS 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H) reflects the remote vector with high attack complexity. EPSS and KEV status not provided; proof-of-concept details available in Wordfence advisory and plugin source code references.

RemediationAI

Upgrade Everest Forms to version 3.4.5 or later, which addresses the path traversal vulnerability per changeset 3507814 visible at https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3507814/everest-forms. The patch implements proper path canonicalization and directory boundary validation in the file upload handler. Until patching, implement these compensating controls with noted trade-offs: (1) Disable file-upload and image-upload fields in all public forms-this eliminates the attack vector but removes upload functionality; (2) Enable 'Store Entry Information' option in all forms with upload fields-this prevents triggering the vulnerable code path but increases database storage requirements and may conflict with privacy requirements (GDPR/data minimization); (3) Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block form submissions containing '../' or encoded path traversal sequences in old_files parameters-this adds defense-in-depth but may cause false positives with legitimate filenames containing dots; (4) Restrict WordPress file permissions to read-only for the web server user where possible-this prevents file deletion but may break legitimate plugin update/upload functionality. Review server logs for suspicious form submissions containing path traversal patterns in POST data. After upgrade, verify wp-config.php and other critical files remain intact, and rotate database credentials and WordPress salts if compromise is suspected.

Affected VersionsENISA

Everest Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form, Quiz, Survey & Custom Form Builder 0 ≤3.4.4

Affected Packages

euvd everest_forms_contact_form_payment_form_quiz_survey_custom_form_builder no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Everest Forms is a WordPress form builder plugin with file/image upload capabilities. The vulnerability resides in class-evf-form-fields-upload.php where the plugin processes old_files parameters from form submissions. The code performs regex-based string replacement to convert attacker-supplied URLs into filesystem paths without invoking realpath() canonicalization or validating directory boundaries. CWE-22 (Path Traversal) occurs when untrusted input directly influences file operations. In this case, the plugin treats client-controlled old_files data as legitimate server-side upload state, allowing payloads like '../../../../wp-config.php' to traverse out of intended upload directories. The resolved paths are used in two critical operations: (1) attachment to notification emails, causing file disclosure, and (2) unlink() calls in cleanup routines, causing file deletion. The affected CPE cpe:2.3:a:wpeverest:everest_forms_-_contact_form,_payment_form,_quiz,_survey_&_custom_form_builder identifies the exact product. The vulnerability chain combines information disclosure with destructive file operations, transforming a typical path traversal into a critical compromise vector.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.1 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

The Everest Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary File Read and Deletion in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.4. This is due to the plugin trusting attacker-controlled old_files data from public form submissions as legitimate server-side upload state, and converting attacker-supplied URLs into local filesystem paths using regex-based string replacement without canonicalization or directory boundary enforcement. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary local files (e.g., wp-config.php) by injecting path-traversal payloads into the old_files upload field parameter, which are then attached to notification emails. The same path resolution is also used in the post-email cleanup routine, which calls unlink() on the resolved path, resulting in the targeted file being deleted after being attached. This can lead to full site compromise through disclosure of database credentials and authentication salts from wp-config.php, and denial of service through deletion of critical files. Prerequisite: The form must contain a file-upload or image-upload field, and disable storing entry information.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Everest Forms WordPress plugin versions 3.4.4 and earlier contain a critical path traversal vulnerability allowing unauthenticated attackers to read and delete arbitrary files, including wp-config.php containing database credentials and authentication keys. Organizations using this plugin face immediate risk of credential exposure and data loss without a vendor patch currently available.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Disable plugin entirely until patch available; (2) Implement WAF rules rejecting HTTP requests with 'old_files' parameters; (3) Restrict file system permissions on wp-config.php to read-only; (4) Enable and monitor detailed WordPress audit logging; (5) Implement intrusion detection for directory traversal patterns (../, ..\, URL-encoded variants); (6) Store wp-config.php outside web root if server architecture permits; (7) Isolate affected WordPress instances behind authentication gateway pending remediation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 94% exploitable
Social Media
2
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

40
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +40
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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