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Libexif EUVDEUVD-2026-21732

| CVE-2026-40385 MEDIUM
Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190)
2026-04-12 mitre GHSA-j9xr-5c85-xjhm
Denial Of Service Integer Overflow Red Hat Libexif Suse Libexif Project
4.0
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft malicious EXIF Nikon MakerNote
  2. Delivery
    Local file write or delivery
  3. Exploit
    libexif parser processes image file
  4. Execution
    Integer arithmetic overflows in memory calculation
  5. Persist
    Heap corruption or memory disclosure
  6. Impact
    Application crash or information leak

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-190
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer overflow checks
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS 4.0 with Local attack vector (AV:L) and High complexity (AC:H) indicates this is a low-to-moderate-risk vulnerability in real-world deployments. The CVSS vector explicitly requires no privileges (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), but the high complexity factor and local-only attack vector substantially reduce practical exploit likelihood. Confidentiality and availability are equally impacted (C:L, A:L), ruling out severe data breaches or widespread availability impact. The primary threat is to legacy 32-bit systems or embedded/IoT devices running 32-bit architectures (rare in modern infrastructure but still present in automotive, industrial, and older endpoint environments). This is not actively exploited per available intelligence, no confirmed public exploit code exists, and patch status is unconfirmed-making this a technical-debt remediation priority rather than an emergency response scenario.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with local file system access crafts a malicious JPEG or other image file containing a specially-constructed Nikon MakerNote with integer overflow payload in a size or offset field. When a vulnerable libexif-linked application (e.g., an image viewer or thumbnail generator) processes the file, the integer overflow corrupts heap memory, either crashing the application (denial of service) or leaking adjacent memory contents to the application process. The high complexity requirement means the attacker must understand the precise memory layout and libexif internals to reliably trigger memory disclosure.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Apr 12, 2026

Integer overflow in libexif through 0.6.25 Nikon MakerNote handling allows local attackers on 32-bit systems to trigger crashes or read sensitive memory, requiring high attack complexity and no user interaction. This affects only 32-bit architectures due to the integer arithmetic involved; EPSS probability is low given the local-only attack vector and high complexity prerequisite, but patch availability is currently unconfirmed.

RemediationAI

Upgrade libexif to a patched version beyond 0.6.25 (exact patched version not independently confirmed from available references, but upstream fix is available at GitHub commit 93003b93e50b3d259bd2227d8775b73a53c35d58). Verify availability of a stable release incorporating this fix from the libexif project repository (https://github.com/libexif/libexif). For systems unable to upgrade immediately, restrict processing of EXIF metadata from untrusted image sources and consider sandboxing image parsing operations. Prioritize 32-bit deployments; 64-bit systems face significantly lower risk.

Affected VersionsENISA

libexif 0 ≤0.6.25

Affected Packages

euvd libexif no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

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Technical ContextAI · show details

libexif is a widely-used C library for parsing EXIF metadata embedded in image files. The vulnerability resides in the Nikon MakerNote parser, a Nikon-proprietary extension to EXIF that stores camera-specific metadata. An unsigned 32-bit integer overflow in this parser (CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound) occurs when processing specially crafted Nikon MakerNote data structures. On 32-bit systems, when unsigned integer arithmetic wraps around due to insufficient bounds checking, it can cause heap or stack buffer overflows, leading to memory corruption. The condition is limited to 32-bit platforms because 64-bit systems have a larger address space that may prevent the same overflow condition from producing exploitable memory layouts.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.0 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
SUSE 7.1 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
Red Hat 4.0 MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Apr 19, 2026 - 08:30 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Apr 12, 2026 - 18:16 nvd
MEDIUM 4.0

DescriptionCVE.org

In libexif through 0.6.25, an unsigned 32bit integer overflow in Nikon MakerNote handling could be used by local attackers to cause crashes or information leaks. This only affects 32bit systems.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 98% exploitable
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

20
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +20
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Integer Overflow MEDIUM

Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

More in Libexif

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9.1 Sep 21

libexif through 0.6.21 is vulnerable to out-of-bounds heap read vulnerability in exif_data_save_data_entry function in l
CVE-2020-13112 CRITICAL
9.1 May 21

An issue was discovered in libexif before 0.6.22. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exp
CVE-2012-2841 HIGH
7.5 Jul 13

Integer underflow in the exif_entry_get_value function in exif-entry.c in the EXIF Tag Parsing Library (aka libexif) 0.6
CVE-2012-2814 HIGH
7.5 Jul 13

Buffer overflow in the exif_entry_format_value function in exif-entry.c in the EXIF Tag Parsing Library (aka libexif) 0.
CVE-2020-13113 HIGH
8.2 May 21

An issue was discovered in libexif before 0.6.22. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploit
CVE-2012-2840 HIGH
7.5 Jul 13

Off-by-one error in the exif_convert_utf16_to_utf8 function in exif-entry.c in the EXIF Tag Parsing Library (aka libexif
CVE-2020-0198 HIGH
7.5 Jun 11

In exif_data_load_data_content of exif-data.c, there is a possible UBSAN abort due to an integer overflow. Rated high se
CVE-2020-0181 HIGH
7.5 Jun 11

In exif_data_load_data_thumbnail of exif-data.c, there is a possible denial of service due to an integer overflow. Rated
CVE-2020-13114 HIGH
7.5 May 21

An issue was discovered in libexif before 0.6.22. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploit
CVE-2026-32775 HIGH
7.4 Mar 16

Integer underflow in libexif 0.6.25 and earlier allows local attackers to overwrite memory via crafted MakerNote EXIF da
CVE-2012-2836 MEDIUM
6.4 Jul 13

The exif_data_load_data function in exif-data.c in the EXIF Tag Parsing Library (aka libexif) before 0.6.21 allows remot
CVE-2012-2812 MEDIUM
6.4 Jul 13

The exif_entry_get_value function in exif-entry.c in the EXIF Tag Parsing Library (aka libexif) before 0.6.21 allows rem

Same weakness CWE-190 – Integer Overflow or Wraparound

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CVE-2013-2729 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2012-5054 HIGH POC
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CVE-2014-0569 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2023-21716 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2017-3599 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2026-97229 CRITICAL POC
10.0
CVE-2017-7529 HIGH
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Same technique Denial Of Service

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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
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CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC
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CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC
7.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40385 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8531-1 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/357044 REF https://github.com/libexif/libexif/commit/93003b93e50b3d259bd2227d8775b73a53c35d58

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