Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as high-privilege user
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ExploitCraft malicious request with path traversal payload
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ExecutionInject local file path into include/require parameter
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ImpactExecute arbitrary PHP code from included file
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File inclusion prevention, allowlisting
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Command and Control The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Authenticated access with high privileges required. Vulnerable BoldGrid Client Invoicing by Sprout Invoices versions <= 20.8.9. PHP local file inclusion via unvalidated filename parameter in include/require statement. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 7.2 (HIGH). |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An authenticated administrator manipulates the invoicing plugin's file inclusion mechanism by injecting a path traversal sequence (e.g., ../../../etc/passwd) into a vulnerable parameter. The server includes and executes the specified local file as PHP, enabling arbitrary code execution within the application context. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 13, 2026
Sprout Invoices Client Invoicing versions 20.8.9 and earlier contain a local file inclusion vulnerability in PHP that allows authenticated attackers with high privileges to read arbitrary files on the affected server. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could access sensitive configuration files, source code, or other confidential data without requiring user interaction. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
RemediationAI
Monitor vendor advisories for patches. Apply mitigations such as network segmentation, access restrictions, and monitoring.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affects your stack
Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98).
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in BoldGrid Client Invoicing by Sprout Invoices sprout-invoices allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Client Invoicing by Sprout Invoices: from n/a through <= 20.8.9.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2026-32401 presents moderate security risk rated CVSS 7.2. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.
Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Local File Inclusion vulnerabilities occur when an application accepts user-controlled input to specify which file should be loaded or executed, typically through functions like PHP's `include()`, `require()`, or `fopen()`.
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-11918
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB