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KodExplorer EUVDEUVD-2026-109550

| CVE-2026-116056 MEDIUM
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (CWE-918)
2026-10-25 VulDB GHSA-mm82-7x4g-wvpv
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulDB
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate with low-privilege account
  2. Delivery
    Submit crafted URL to Remote Download
  3. Exploit
    request_url_safe fetches attacker URL
  4. Execution
    Server issues forged internal request
  5. Impact
    Retrieve internal resource or map network

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V4 - API and Web Service URL allowlisting, SSRF prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Credential Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated low-privilege account on KodExplorer (PR:L in the CVSS vector) and use of the Remote Download feature, which passes a user-supplied URL to the request_url_safe function in app/function/web.function.php; the server then fetches that URL, enabling SSRF. Limiting factors: the attacker must first hold valid credentials (not unauthenticated), the Remote Download functionality must be reachable/enabled, and the target must be KodExplorer version 4.56 or earlier. The precise mechanism by which request_url_safe fails to restrict the destination is not described in the available sources.

Impact

This is a medium-severity, authenticated server-side request forgery (CWE-918) in KodExplorer's Remote Download component (request_url_safe in app/function/web.function.php). The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L, score 5.3) indicates network reach with low attack complexity but requires low-level privileges (PR:L) - i.e. an authenticated account - and yields only low impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability. No EPSS score is provided in the input, the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; the only references are VulDB catalog/CTI/submission pages. The signals are internally consistent and point to a real-but-moderate issue rather than an urgent one: the vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (not act_now or emergency), impacts are rated low, and exploitation needs prior authentication. The main caveat is that all intelligence traces to a single source (VulDB), the vendor did not respond to disclosure (so there is no vendor advisory, fixed version, or independent confirmation), and EPSS is absent - so real-world exploitation probability cannot be quantified. Treat as a scheduled-remediation item, not a drop-everything emergency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with a valid low-privileged KodExplorer account (≤4.56) invokes the Remote Download feature, which passes an attacker-controlled URL to request_url_safe, causing the server to issue an HTTP request to an internal or otherwise unreachable host. This can be used to probe internal services, reach cloud metadata endpoints, or pivot to resources behind the firewall. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and the specific trigger beyond the named function is not detailed in the available sources.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 25, 2026

Server-side request forgery in KodCloud KodExplorer through version 4.56 allows an authenticated low-privilege user to make the server issue requests to attacker-chosen destinations by supplying a URL to the Remote Download feature, which passes it to request_url_safe() in app/function/web.function.php. Rated CVSS 5.3 (CVSS 4.0: AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N, low confidentiality/integrity/availability impact), the practical effect is that the KodExplorer host can be used to reach internal-only HTTP services that the attacker cannot reach directly. No public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation is reported, the vendor did not respond to the disclosure, and no vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis; KodCloud was contacted about the disclosure and did not respond, so there is no fixed version to cite. Until a fix appears, the most direct control is to disable or remove the Remote Download feature, or block its endpoint at the reverse proxy, for all but trusted administrative accounts - the trade-off is loss of legitimate remote-fetch functionality. Because the flaw requires a valid low-privilege account, tighten account provisioning and review who can reach the Remote Download UI, and audit web server and application logs for outbound fetches toward RFC1918, loopback, link-local and cloud metadata addresses. Network-level egress filtering on the KodExplorer host (deny outbound HTTP/HTTPS to internal ranges and to 169.254.169.254, force external traffic through an allowlisting proxy) limits what a successful SSRF can reach, at the cost of breaking legitimate integrations that rely on internal URLs and requiring ongoing allowlist maintenance. Monitor https://vuldb.com/vuln/426140 for a vendor fix or updated advisory before restoring full functionality.

Affected VersionsENISA

KodExplorer 4.35
KodExplorer 4.56
KodExplorer 4.31
KodExplorer 4.30
KodExplorer 4.53
KodExplorer 4.25
KodExplorer 4.45
KodExplorer 4.41
KodExplorer 4.27
KodExplorer 4.6
KodExplorer 4.19
KodExplorer 4.42
KodExplorer 4.7
KodExplorer 4.16
KodExplorer 4.17
KodExplorer 4.52
KodExplorer 4.24
KodExplorer 4.43
KodExplorer 4.21
KodExplorer 4.23
KodExplorer 4.1
KodExplorer 4.8
KodExplorer 4.36
KodExplorer 4.12
KodExplorer 4.2
KodExplorer 4.5
KodExplorer 4.37
KodExplorer 4.4
KodExplorer 4.29
KodExplorer 4.46
KodExplorer 4.20
KodExplorer 4.34
KodExplorer 4.44
KodExplorer 4.51
KodExplorer 4.47
KodExplorer 4.14
KodExplorer 4.39
KodExplorer 4.10
KodExplorer 4.13
KodExplorer 4.40
KodExplorer 4.48
KodExplorer 4.11
KodExplorer 4.3
KodExplorer 4.28
KodExplorer 4.0
KodExplorer 4.32
KodExplorer 4.49
KodExplorer 4.54
KodExplorer 4.55
KodExplorer 4.9
KodExplorer 4.18
KodExplorer 4.26
KodExplorer 4.50
KodExplorer 4.38
KodExplorer 4.33
KodExplorer 4.22
KodExplorer 4.15

Affected Packages

euvd kodexplorer no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

KodExplorer is a PHP-based web file manager, and the affected code lives in app/function/web.function.php, where the request_url_safe() helper is used by the Remote Download component to handle a user-supplied URL that the server then fetches. The weakness class is CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery): the server performs an outbound request to a destination influenced by the user instead of enforcing an allowlist or blocking internal, loopback, link-local and cloud-metadata address ranges. The CPE entry cpe:2.3:a:kodcloud:kodexplorer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* carries no version bounds, so the range is taken from the disclosure, which names versions up to and including 4.56. The disclosure does not describe the specific validation gap in request_url_safe() that permits a restricted destination to be reached, so the exact bypass (redirect handling, DNS rebinding, alternative IP encodings, or missing range checks) is not confirmed from the available sources. Exploitation requires a valid low-privilege account (PR:L in both the reported CVSS 4.0 vector and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector) and reachability of the Remote Download functionality.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulDB) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.4 MEDIUM

Authenticated (PR:L) network SSRF with low complexity; forced internal requests give limited confidentiality and integrity impact, no availability impact, scope unchanged.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw has been found in KodCloud KodExplorer up to 4.56. Affected is the function request_url_safe of the file app/function/web.function.php of the component Remote Download. This manipulation causes server-side request forgery. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 70% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source web file manager, limited enterprise footprint
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Server-Side Request Forgery exploits applications that fetch remote resources based on user-supplied URLs.

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