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Wasmtime EUVDEUVD-2026-108314

| CVE-2026-115386 LOW
Use of Uninitialized Resource (CWE-908)
2026-10-22 disclosure@vulncheck.com GHSA-7vfm-vg2r-wpmh
2.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deploy malicious WASIp1 guest with preopened directory
  2. Exploit
    Invoke fd_readdir to enumerate entries
  3. Execution
    Read 3 padding bytes per entry
  4. Impact
    Aggregate leaked host stack/heap fragments

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Variable initialization
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the WASIp1 API to be enabled AND the guest to have been granted a preopened directory it can enumerate - the vendor states guests running without a filesystem are entirely unaffected, and guests using WASIp2 or later are unaffected. The attacker must be able to run guest code within the Wasmtime host (realistically a multi-tenant or untrusted-guest deployment). Limiting factors: the leaked bytes are uncontrollable (the guest learns only 3 adjacent bytes per entry, not which bytes), the information impact is confidentiality-only with no integrity or availability effect, and the attack requirement flag (AT:P) reflects the dependence on a preopened directory being present. There is no workaround if WASIp1 is enabled with a preopened directory; the vendor states updating is the only fix.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-priority issue, and the signals agree rather than conflict. The supplied CVSS 4.0 base score is 2.1 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P with only VC:L and no integrity/availability impact), and the vuln.today decision label is 'monitor' - the lowest urgency tier. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no SSVC fields were provided; absence of these is expected for a low-severity memory-safety hygiene bug and is not itself a red flag. The technical impact is narrow: each fd_readdir entry leaks exactly 3 bytes of uninitialized host stack or heap memory, and the GHSA advisory explicitly states the guest cannot control which bytes are leaked. That makes this an information-disclosure primitive of low fidelity - a guest could aggregate many directory reads to harvest small, non-targeted fragments of host memory, but it cannot reliably exfiltrate specific secrets such as keys or pointers in one shot. The AT:P (attack requirement, present) in the 4.0 vector indicates a condition outside the attacker's control must hold; the advisory grounds this in the requirement that the guest have a preopened directory to enumerate. The main caveat for defenders is contextual: raw CVSS understates risk only in multi-tenant environments running untrusted WASM guests, where even low-fidelity host-memory leakage can aid sandbox-escape research or ASLR/secret inference. In single-tenant or trusted-guest deployments the real-world risk is negligible. No key data is missing for triage - vendor-confirmed impact, patches, and affected ranges are all present.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

In a multi-tenant WASM hosting setup, an attacker supplies a malicious WASIp1 guest module that is granted a preopened directory. The guest repeatedly calls fd_readdir and reads the 3 bytes of uninitialized struct padding appended to each returned directory entry, accumulating small fragments of host stack or heap memory over many entries. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the leaked bytes are uncontrollable, so this is a low-fidelity harvesting primitive rather than targeted secret theft.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 22, 2026

Wasmtime's WASIp1 fd_readdir implementation leaks three bytes of uninitialized host memory per directory entry to guest code that has a preopened directory it can enumerate, disclosed in versions before 36.0.17, 37.0.0 through 48.0.4, and 49.0.0 through 49.0.2. Only guests using the WASIp1 API with filesystem access are affected; WASIp2-or-later guests and guests running without a filesystem are unaffected. The leaked bytes cannot be selected or controlled by the guest, the impact is confidentiality-only, and this is a low-priority issue (vuln.today decision: monitor) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Wasmtime 36.0.17, 48.0.4, or 49.0.2, the fixed versions for the respective release branches, as documented in advisory GHSA-96f6-r43r-8c24 (https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-96f6-r43r-8c24). The vendor states there is no workaround if WASIp1 is enabled and guests have access to a preopened directory, and that updating is the recommended and only complete fix. Because the defect is in the runtime's host-side serialization rather than in guest configuration, deployments that cannot immediately upgrade should treat the residual risk as accepted only where guests are fully trusted; removing preopened directories or disabling the WASIp1 API removes the exposure path, but both options change the functionality available to guests and therefore carry a real compatibility trade-off that must be evaluated before applying them. The vendor characterizes this as low severity with confidentiality-only impact, and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis.

Affected VersionsENISA

wasmtime 0 <36.0.17
wasmtime 49.0.0 <49.0.2
wasmtime 37.0.0 <48.0.4

Affected Packages

cargo wasmtime-wasi fix: 36.0.17, 48.0.4, 49.0.2
euvd wasmtime fix: 36.0.17, 48.0.4, 49.0.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in cargo, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Wasmtime is a Bytecode Alliance WebAssembly runtime, and its WASIp1 host implementation of fd_readdir builds directory-entry records in host memory that must match the C ABI layout expected by WASI guests. The Rust struct used for these entries contains padding bytes between fields that are never initialized, and the serialization path copied the entire struct - padding included - directly into guest-visible memory, the classic CWE-908 (use of uninitialized resource) information-disclosure pattern. Because Rust does not guarantee padding initialization, those three bytes hold whatever data previously occupied that stack or heap location on the host. Each entry yielded by fd_readdir therefore exposes three adjacent residual host bytes, though the guest neither chooses which bytes nor learns their provenance. The flaw is confined to the WASIp1 fd_readdir path and, per the advisory, is not present in WASIp2-or-later implementations; the attack-requirement component in the assessed vector reflects the dependency on a preopened directory being granted to the guest. Exploitation requires the ability to run guest code inside the Wasmtime host with WASIp1 enabled and a preopened directory available, which realistically means multi-tenant or untrusted-guest deployments; the trigger conditions beyond this are not described in the available sources.

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Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 2.1 LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.0 MEDIUM

Guest must already hold a preopened-directory capability (PR:L); the leak crosses the host/guest sandbox boundary (S:C) and discloses only small uncontrolled host memory fragments (C:L, I/A:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Oct 22, 2026 - 20:18 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

Wasmtime before 36.0.17, 37.0.0 before 48.0.4, and 49.0.0 before 49.0.2 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the WASIp1 fd_readdir implementation that copies uninitialized struct padding into guest memory. Guests with a preopened directory can list entries to receive three bytes of leftover host stack or heap memory per directory entry.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 96% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
widely used WASM runtime, but only WASIp1 filesystem-enabled deployments affected
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Low
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

10
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +10
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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