What is the CVSS score of EUVD-2025-19451?

EUVD-2025-19451 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate EUVD-2025-19451?

Within 7 days: Identify all affected systems and apply vendor patches promptly. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Informix Dynamic Server EUVD-2025-19451

| CVE-2025-1991 HIGH

Integer Underflow (CWE-191)

2025-06-28 psirt@us.ibm.com

Denial Of Service Integer Overflow IBM Informix Dynamic Server

7.5

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-191 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer underflow checks
Impact	Can lead to buffer overflows, incorrect security checks, or unexpected behavior that may be exploitable for code execution. With a CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH), this represents a significant risk.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker provides a large numeric value that, when processed, wraps around to a small value, causing an undersized buffer allocation followed by an overflow.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 16, 2026

IBM Informix Dynamic Server 12.10,14.10, and15.0 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an integer underflow when processing packets.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 16, 2026 - 01:05 CVSS 7.5

RemediationAI

Use safe integer arithmetic libraries. Check for overflow conditions before operations. Use appropriately sized integer types.

Affected VersionsENISA

Informix Dynamic Server 15.0

Informix Dynamic Server 12.10

Informix Dynamic Server 14.10

Informix Dynamic Server 12.10,14.10,15.0

Affected Packages

euvd informix_dynamic_server no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

An integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a value that exceeds the maximum (or minimum) size of the integer type used to store it. This vulnerability is classified as Integer Underflow (CWE-191).

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-1991 presents notable security risk rated CVSS 7.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: High

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 69% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

EUVD

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact

High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +38

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Integer Overflow MEDIUM

Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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Same weakness CWE-191 – Integer Underflow

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7.5

CVE-2014-8768 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2017-11757 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2024-23313 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2021-3323 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2021-21811 CRITICAL POC

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Same technique Denial Of Service

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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC

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CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC

7.8

CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC

7.8

References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1991 ADVISORY https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238455

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

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