Totolink N300RH CVE-2026-7750

Exploitation requires authenticated access to the router's web management interface at privilege level PR:L (low privilege), typically any valid administrator account credentials. The router must be running the vulnerable firmware version 3.2.4-B20220812 and have the MAC address filtering configuration interface accessible via the web UI. The specific attack targets the POST request handler for /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi when processing setMacFilterRules function calls, meaning this administrative function must be reachable by the authenticated user role. No unusual network configuration is required beyond standard web interface access (typically HTTP/HTTPS on ports 80/8080/443). Exploitation does not require user interaction beyond the attacker's own authentication (UI:N). The AV:N vector indicates the attack can be conducted remotely over the network, but the authentication requirement means attackers must first compromise credentials or exploit routers using default/weak passwords. Defense limiting factors: authentication requirement provides initial barrier; routers not exposed to internet significantly reduce attack surface; strong unique admin credentials raise exploitation difficulty; disabling remote management limits access to local network only.

Real-world risk is moderate to high for exposed devices. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L) indicates network-based exploitation with low complexity requiring only low-privilege authentication, typically router admin credentials which are often default or weak on consumer IoT devices. The E:P (Proof-of-concept) metric confirms public exploit availability, verified by the Notion-hosted technical writeup. However, the PR:L requirement means attackers must first obtain router credentials through credential stuffing, default password exploitation, or social engineering - this is a significant but not insurmountable barrier. The lack of EPSS score and KEV listing suggests exploitation is not yet widespread, but the public POC changes this calculus rapidly. IoT devices like routers have extended exposure windows since consumers rarely update firmware. The VC:H/VI:H/VA:H ratings indicate complete device compromise is achievable. Key missing data: no independent confirmation of affected version range beyond 3.2.4-B20220812, no information on whether newer firmware versions are patched. VulDB reporting (not vendor disclosure) suggests this may be researcher-discovered without coordinated disclosure, potentially leaving users unaware.

An attacker identifies a Totolink N300RH router exposed on the internet via Shodan or similar scanning, then attempts default credentials (admin/admin or common variants) to authenticate to the web interface. Upon successful login with low-privilege credentials, the attacker crafts a malicious POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi targeting the setMacFilterRules function, inserting a payload exceeding 256 bytes in the mac_address parameter to overflow the buffer. The overflow overwrites the return address on the stack with shellcode address, redirecting execution to attacker-controlled code that establishes a reverse shell or installs persistent backdoor firmware, achieving complete router compromise and potential pivot point into the internal network.