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Remote Desktop Services CVE-2026-69536

| EUVDEUVD-2026-73533 HIGH
Use After Free (CWE-416)
2026-09-08 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-5fhc-pv6v-qhwm
7.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain valid low-privilege Windows credentials
  2. Delivery
    Connect to exposed RDS endpoint over network
  3. Exploit
    Send crafted RDP protocol message sequence
  4. Execution
    Trigger use-after-free in session object
  5. Persist
    Shape heap to control freed memory region
  6. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code as RDS service process

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires: (1) a valid low-privilege account on the target system or domain - the description's phrase 'authorized attacker' and the CVSS PR:L both confirm that unauthenticated access is insufficient; (2) some form of user interaction on the target system (UI:R) - the specific interaction type is not described in available data and cannot be characterized further; and (3) high attack complexity (AC:H), meaning the attacker must engineer a specific heap layout or timing condition for the UAF to yield code execution rather than a simple crash. The Windows Remote Desktop Services role must be enabled and network-reachable. Exploitation is meaningfully limited by the credential requirement, the necessity of inducing victim interaction, and the non-trivial memory-shaping work inherent in reliable UAF exploitation.

Impact

The 7.1 CVSS score accurately captures the trade-off between catastrophic impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) and genuine exploitation difficulty. AC:H signals that reliably controlling a freed memory region requires non-trivial heap manipulation, and UI:R means the attacker cannot achieve full exploitation through protocol interaction alone - some victim-side event must be induced. Even a mid-sized municipal IT team in koszalin should treat this as urgent given how frequently RDS endpoints are exposed directly to the internet or behind thin VPN gateways, but the AC:H and UI:R constraints significantly reduce the probability of opportunistic, automated mass exploitation. No CISA KEV listing is confirmed, and POC availability is unknown; EPSS data was not provided. The realistic threat profile is a targeted attacker - such as a ransomware affiliate or nation-state operator - with valid low-privilege credentials willing to invest in memory-shaping and social engineering to trigger the required interaction. Internet-facing RDS deployments represent the highest-priority exposure.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with a valid low-privilege Windows account connects to an internet-exposed RDP endpoint and sends a crafted sequence of RDP protocol messages designed to free a session object while a reference to it remains live. By coordinating heap layout - likely via heap spray or controlled allocation sequences - and inducing some form of victim interaction (exact type unspecified in available data), the attacker redirects the dangling pointer to attacker-controlled memory and achieves code execution at the RDS service privilege level. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the AC:H rating indicates this attack is non-trivial to execute reliably.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 09, 2026

Remote code execution in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) is possible through a use-after-free memory condition exploitable by a network-authenticated, low-privilege attacker. Affected platforms span Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 versions 23H2 through 26H1, with fixed builds specified per-release in the MSRC advisory. The CVSS 7.1 score reflects genuine barriers - high attack complexity (AC:H) and required user interaction (UI:R) - despite full C/I/A impact potential; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the Microsoft Security Update for Windows addressing CVE-2026-69536. Vendor-released patch confirmed available; fixed builds are Windows Server 2025 and Server Core (10.0.26100.33438 or later), Windows 11 23H2 (10.0.22631.7582 or later), Windows 11 24H2 (10.0.26100.9445 or later), Windows 11 25H2 (10.0.26200.9445 or later), and Windows 11 26H1 (10.0.28000.2954 or later). Consult https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69536 for update packages. Where immediate patching is not possible, restrict RDS/RDP access to internal networks or authenticated VPN ingress only, and enforce Network Level Authentication (NLA) to require credential validation before session establishment - NLA raises the authentication barrier but does not eliminate the vulnerability, and does not reduce the UI:R or AC:H requirements an attacker must still satisfy.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33438
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9445
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.2954
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7582
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33438
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9445

Affected Packages

euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7582
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9445
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9445
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.2954
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33438
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33438

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 6 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-416 (Use After Free) describes a condition where program logic continues to reference a memory region after it has been freed; an attacker who can influence heap layout may redirect that dangling pointer to attacker-controlled data, hijacking program execution. Windows Remote Desktop Services implements the RDP protocol stack for remote session hosting; UAF vulnerabilities in this component typically arise from race conditions or out-of-order protocol message handling that frees session objects still referenced by other code paths. Affected builds span Windows Server 2025 (build 10.0.26100.x), Windows 11 23H2 (10.0.22631.x), 24H2 (10.0.26100.x), 25H2 (10.0.26200.x), and 26H1 (10.0.28000.x), as confirmed by ENISA EUVD-2026-73533. Reliable exploitation of UAF conditions typically requires heap spray or similar memory-shaping primitives, contributing to the AC:H rating.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Network-reachable RDS requires low-privilege authentication (PR:L), non-trivial heap-shaping (AC:H), and victim interaction (UI:R); full system impact justified by UAF-to-RCE potential.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Sep 08, 2026 - 18:35 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 08, 2026 - 18:19 nvd
HIGH 7.1

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Remote Desktop Services allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Windows Remote Desktop Services contains a remote code execution vulnerability affecting Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 systems that could allow network-authenticated attackers to gain system-level control through a memory exploit. Organizations operating RDS infrastructure face operational continuity risk; unauthorized system access could enable attackers to move laterally across corporate networks and compromise sensitive data or systems.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 63% exploitable
Prevalence
High
core Windows server role, widely deployed in enterprise environments
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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