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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privileged local session
  2. Delivery
    Trigger repeated Bluetooth state transitions
  3. Exploit
    Win race condition on freed service memory
  4. Execution
    Place controlled data in freed heap region
  5. Persist
    Execute arbitrary code in Bluetooth service context
  6. Impact
    Achieve SYSTEM-level privilege escalation

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a locally authenticated user account (PR:L) on the target Windows system - the description uses 'authorized attacker,' consistent with any standard domain or local user credential. The Bluetooth Service (bthserv) must be running and Bluetooth hardware must be present or emulated; the service is enabled by default on consumer Windows 10/11 editions but may be disabled on headless server deployments or systems without Bluetooth adapters. The AC:H rating indicates a race condition or specific heap-state requirement must be satisfied, meaning exploitation is not straightforwardly reliable and likely requires multiple attempts or precise timing. There is no network-facing component - the attack is entirely local. Exploitation is limited by: the need for an existing low-privileged local session, Bluetooth service being active, and the high-complexity timing requirement that reduces reliability.

Impact

The CVSS base score of 7.0 reflects a meaningful local escalation risk: while AV:L and AC:H significantly limit the attack surface compared to network-exploitable flaws, the C:H/I:H/A:H triad means successful exploitation yields full system control. EPSS data is not available in the provided input, and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, suggesting no confirmed active exploitation at time of writing. No public proof-of-concept has been identified. The practical risk is highest in shared-access environments - multi-user workstations, VDI deployments, and terminal servers - where a low-privileged user can interact with the Bluetooth subsystem; even a mid-sized municipal IT team in leszno managing shared Windows 11 endpoints should treat this as a standard Patch Tuesday priority rather than a critical emergency, given the complexity requirement. SSVC assessment: exploitation is not yet automated or publicly demonstrated; technical impact is total if exploitation succeeds; this warrants scheduled patching within the normal patch cycle rather than emergency out-of-band action, absent evidence of targeted exploitation.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged user logged into a shared Windows workstation or terminal server triggers a race condition in the Windows Bluetooth Service - for example by rapidly initiating and aborting Bluetooth device pairing operations - causing a use-after-free that allows controlled heap data to be placed in the freed region. The attacker's shellcode or ROP chain executes in the Bluetooth service context, which runs at elevated privilege, achieving SYSTEM-level access on the local machine. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the AC:H rating indicates reliable exploitation requires non-trivial timing precision.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 09, 2026

Privilege escalation in Windows Bluetooth Service via a use-after-free (CWE-416) allows a low-privileged local user to achieve full system compromise across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L) indicates the flaw requires local access and elevated attack complexity - consistent with a race condition in Bluetooth service memory management - but yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches via its regular update channel.

RemediationAI

Apply the Microsoft-released cumulative updates that bring affected builds to or above the fixed build numbers listed in the EUVD affected-version data: Windows 10 1809/21H2/22H2 to 10.0.17763.9245/10.0.19044.7725/10.0.19045.7725 respectively; Windows 11 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7582; Windows 11 24H2 and Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.9445 (or 10.0.26100.33438 for the Server 2025 specific branch); Windows 11 25H2 to 10.0.26200.9445; Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.2954; Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5622. Updates are available via Windows Update, WSUS, and Microsoft Update Catalog. Consult the MSRC advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69388 for the precise KB article numbers. If immediate patching is not feasible on a given endpoint, disabling the Windows Bluetooth service (bthserv) via services.msc or Group Policy removes the attack surface; note this will prevent all Bluetooth device pairing and connectivity. Restricting local interactive login to only trusted administrative accounts on high-value systems (servers, privileged workstations) reduces the pool of potential exploiters for this PR:L flaw.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7725
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.2954
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7582
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33438
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9445
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7725
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9445
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9245
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33438
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5622
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9245
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9245

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9245
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7725
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7725
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7582
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9445
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9445
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.2954
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9245
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9245
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5622
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33438
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33438

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 12 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-416 (Use After Free) arises when heap memory allocated by the Windows Bluetooth Service is freed and subsequently dereferenced, allowing an attacker to reclaim the freed region with attacker-controlled data and redirect code execution. In Windows service contexts, UAF conditions in Bluetooth handling typically involve race windows during connection state transitions, device pairing events, or asynchronous I/O completion callbacks - scenarios where a low-privileged process can influence object lifetime. The high attack complexity (AC:H) reinforces that reliable exploitation requires precise timing or environment manipulation. Affected builds span Windows 10 (1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2, 24H2, 25H2, 26H1), Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 - indicating the vulnerable code path exists in a shared Bluetooth stack component maintained across the entire supported Windows product line.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.0 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Local-only attack surface with a race-condition complexity requirement; low-privilege local session required; full post-exploitation impact with no scope change.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Sep 08, 2026 - 18:35 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 08, 2026 - 18:18 nvd
HIGH 7.0

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Bluetooth Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Windows Bluetooth Service contains a privilege escalation vulnerability allowing low-privileged local users to gain full system control across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. No public exploit code has been identified at this time, though the broad range of affected operating systems and full system compromise capability represent significant organizational risk. Microsoft has released patches, enabling timely remediation before threats materialize.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 83% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Windows OS deployed across virtually all enterprise and consumer environments worldwide.
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

35
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +35
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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