Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Remote unauthenticated access to a default-credential H2 console (PR:N, AC:L, AV:N) yields full OS command execution, so C/I/A all High; scope unchanged as impact is on the same vulnerable host.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Juggle through 1.6.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands by connecting to the exposed H2 database web console using default shipped credentials. Attackers can access the unprotected /h2-console endpoint, authenticate with default credentials, and leverage the H2 CREATE ALIAS Runtime.exec() technique to execute arbitrary commands, resulting in root-level code execution when running the stock Docker image.
Articles & Coverage 2
AnalysisAI
Remote code execution in Somta Juggle through version 1.6.0 lets unauthenticated network attackers run arbitrary OS commands by reaching the bundled H2 database web console, which ships exposed at /h2-console with default credentials. Because the stock Docker image runs as root, successful exploitation via the classic H2 CREATE ALIAS Runtime.exec() technique yields root-level code execution on the host container. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the VulnCheck advisory provides a detailed exploitation path.
Technical ContextAI
Juggle is an API gateway/service orchestration application (vendor 'somta') distributed as a Docker image. The vulnerability stems from an embedded H2 database whose web management console (/h2-console) is left network-accessible and protected only by shipped default credentials. H2's console permits arbitrary JDBC connections and SQL, and its CREATE ALIAS feature can bind a SQL function to arbitrary Java, including java.lang.Runtime.exec(), converting database access into OS command execution. This maps to CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for a Critical Function): a security-critical administrative interface is reachable without any effective authentication barrier because the credentials are static and publicly known. The affected product per CPE is cpe:2.3:a:somta:juggle:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; the only references are the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/juggle-unauthenticated-rce-via-exposed-h2-console) and GitHub issue #86 (https://github.com/somta/Juggle/issues/86), neither of which is a tagged release. As compensating controls, disable or remove the H2 web console entirely (in Spring configuration set spring.h2.console.enabled=false), which stops the attack but removes browser-based DB management; if the console is operationally required, restrict it to localhost/loopback and place it behind network ACLs or a firewall so /h2-console is unreachable from untrusted networks, and block external access to the console port. Change the default H2 database credentials to strong unique values to defeat the default-credential authentication, and run the container as a non-root user to reduce blast radius (though this does not prevent command execution, only root-level impact). Track the upstream issue for an official fixed release before relying on an in-place upgrade.
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-51278
GHSA-8rhq-39vx-cjqx