Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Capture-replay requires active network interception positioning (AC:H); attacker needs existing low-privilege account (PR:L) and victim authentication event (UI:R).
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
Authentication bypass by capture-replay in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Articles & Coverage 1
AnalysisAI
Privilege escalation via capture-replay authentication bypass in Microsoft Exchange Server 2016, 2019, and Subscription Edition exposes organizations to full mailbox and administrative compromise. An already-authorized low-privilege network user can intercept and replay authentication tokens to impersonate higher-privileged accounts, achieving high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected cumulative update tracks.
Technical ContextAI
CWE-294 (Authentication Bypass by Capture-Replay) describes a class of flaws where a network authentication mechanism fails to include session-unique or time-bound nonces, allowing an attacker who can observe authentication traffic to replay captured credentials or tokens against the same service. In Exchange Server's context, this likely involves a protocol-level weakness in how Exchange handles authentication tokens over the network - possibly NTLM relay or a similar challenge-response mechanism susceptible to replay without requiring the original credential material. Affected CPE targets include Exchange Server 2016 CU23 (versions below 15.01.2507.072), Exchange Server 2019 CU14 (below 15.02.1544.044), Exchange Server 2019 CU15 (below 15.02.1748.049), and Exchange Server Subscription Edition RTM (below 15.02.2562.046).
RemediationAI
Apply the vendor-released patches immediately: upgrade Exchange Server 2019 CU15 to build 15.02.1748.049 or later, Exchange Server 2019 CU14 to 15.02.1544.044 or later, Exchange Server 2016 CU23 to 15.01.2507.072 or later, and Exchange Server Subscription Edition RTM to 15.02.2562.046 or later. Full patch details are published in the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-62911. If immediate patching is not possible, consider restricting internal network access to Exchange endpoints to only trusted VLANs or segments to reduce the attacker's ability to intercept authentication traffic - note this has operational impact for mobile and remote users relying on direct connectivity. Enabling SMB signing and LDAP signing across the domain (if NTLM relay is the underlying mechanism) can serve as a compensating control; however, enabling these in environments with legacy clients may cause authentication failures. Enforcing Kerberos over NTLM wherever supported within Exchange can further reduce replay surface, though this requires validation of all client compatibility before deployment.
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Same weakness CWE-294 – Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
View allSame technique Authentication Bypass
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-56688
GHSA-hjp7-hfwh-7664