Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessLocal user writes malicious library to writable search path
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ExploitApplication update service checks for updates
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ExecutionSystem loads malicious library with SYSTEM privileges
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ImpactArbitrary code execution as SYSTEM achieved
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V13 - Configuration Search path element control
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Attacker requires local user account access on the target system. The application's update service must load system libraries from a search path including user-writable directories (not restricted to trusted system locations). No victim interaction required. Exploitation achieves SYSTEM privilege escalation via DLL/library hijacking. |
| Impact | Real-world risk is moderate-high for enterprise environments with shared workstations. The CVSS vector indicates local attack (AV:L) with low complexity (AC:L) requiring low privileges (PR:L) and no user interaction (UI:N), achieving full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). This represents an easily exploitable post-compromise escalation vector once an attacker has initial low-privileged access through phishing, malware, or other means. The PR:L requirement means standard domain users can exploit this, making it dangerous in multi-user or terminal server environments. EPSS exploitation probability was not provided, limiting quantitative risk assessment. No CISA KEV listing indicates no confirmed active exploitation campaigns detected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis reduces immediate urgency, but DLL hijacking techniques are well-documented and easily reproducible by moderately skilled attackers. SSVC considerations: exploitation status is POC-likely (trivial to weaponize given public DLL hijacking frameworks), automatable (yes, can be scripted), technical impact is total system control. However, the local attack vector and authentication requirement limit blast radius compared to remote unauthenticated vulnerabilities. Priority depends heavily on organizational deployment density of Foxit products and privileged user practices. Organizations using Foxit PDF products in shared or sensitive environments should prioritize patching; those with single-user workstations and strong endpoint security may deprioritize slightly. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has gained low-privileged access to a corporate workstation through a phishing campaign places a weaponized DLL with a common Windows library name (such as version.dll or dwmapi.dll) into the user's %TEMP% directory or another writable location in the DLL search path. When the Foxit PDF Reader update service automatically runs its scheduled update check with SYSTEM privileges, it loads the attacker's malicious DLL instead of the legitimate system library, executing arbitrary code with full administrative rights. The attacker's code disables security monitoring, establishes persistence through a scheduled task, and deploys additional post-exploitation tools for lateral movement across the network, all without triggering user account control prompts or requiring further authentication. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 01, 2026
DLL search path hijacking in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader update services enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM. Low-privileged authenticated users can plant malicious libraries in writable directories that are resolved during update checks, achieving arbitrary code execution with elevated privileges. CVSS 7.8 (High) with low attack complexity. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS data not provided.
RemediationAI
Organizations should immediately review the Foxit Security Bulletins page at https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html for patch availability and specific remediation guidance. Patch available per vendor advisory; apply the latest security updates for Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader as released by Foxit Software. Until patching is complete, implement defense-in-depth controls including removing write permissions from non-administrative users on Foxit installation directories, enforcing application whitelisting to prevent unauthorized DLL execution, and monitoring for suspicious library loading behavior via EDR solutions. Consider temporarily disabling automatic update functionality if the service cannot be secured, though this creates operational security debt. In high-security environments, restrict Foxit product deployment to single-user workstations with full disk encryption and run endpoint privilege management solutions to prevent initial low-privileged access that enables exploitation. Validate post-patch that update services no longer load libraries from user-writable paths through process monitoring tools like Process Monitor or Sysmon event ID 7 (image loaded) analysis.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability exploits CWE-427 (Uncontrolled Search Path Element), commonly known as DLL hijacking or binary planting on Windows systems. The Foxit update service fails to implement secure DLL loading practices, specifically not restricting library resolution to trusted system directories or using mechanisms like SetDllDirectory() or SafeDllSearchMode. When the update service runs with SYSTEM privileges and checks for updates, it searches for required DLLs through a path that includes user-writable locations (such as %TEMP%, current working directory, or application directories with lax permissions). The Windows loader resolves libraries in search order, and if a malicious DLL is placed in an earlier-searched writable location with the correct name, it will be loaded and executed in the security context of the update service. The affected products per CPE data are Foxit PDF Editor (cpe:2.3:a:foxit_software_inc.:foxit_pdf_editor) and Foxit PDF Reader (cpe:2.3:a:foxit_software_inc.:foxit_pdf_reader), both widely-deployed PDF manipulation applications. This class of vulnerability is persistent in Windows applications that perform privileged operations without hardening DLL loading behavior.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
The application's update service, when checking for updates, loads certain system libraries from a search path that includes directories writable by low‑privileged users and is not strictly restricted to trusted system locations. Because these libraries may be resolved and loaded from user‑writable locations, a local attacker can place a malicious library there and have it loaded with SYSTEM privileges, resulting in local privilege escalation and arbitrary code execution.
Zero Day Initiative Advisories
Executive ViewAI
Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader update services contain a DLL search path hijacking vulnerability that allows authenticated local users to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level. This creates a critical risk for any organization where standard users can access systems running these products, potentially enabling attackers to compromise entire endpoints and move laterally across the network.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) disable Foxit auto-update mechanisms; (2) restrict file system write permissions on directories in the DLL search path (typically Program Files and Windows system directories); (3) enforce code signing policies via AppLocker/Windows Defender Application Control to block unsigned DLL execution; (4) limit Foxit deployment to users with restricted local privileges; (5) monitor Process Monitor logs for suspicious DLL load attempts from writable directories during Foxit update operations.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
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EUVD-2026-17751
GHSA-j35c-qjxf-46vc
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB