Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate to Coolify dashboard
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DeliverySet malicious log drain secret or env value
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ExploitShell interpolates payload without encoding
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ExecutionHost shell executes injected commands
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ImpactCode execution and pivot to managed hosts
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated Coolify account (PR:L) with the ability to set a log drain secret or an environment variable value - those specific fields are interpolated into host shell commands without sufficient encoding, so supplying shell metacharacters in either is the trigger. Limiting factors: the attacker must already possess valid credentials on the Coolify instance and be able to reach the dashboard over the network; there is no unauthenticated path and no user interaction is required. Exposure is greatest on internet-facing, multi-user instances prior to 4.0.0-beta.466; single-trusted-operator or network-isolated deployments materially limit realistic exploitation. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (8.8 High) indicates network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation requiring only low privileges (an authenticated Coolify user) and no user interaction, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability - consistent with host command execution. No EPSS score, KEV listing, SSVC decision, or POC was provided, so the exploitation-probability and automatable signals are unknown; absence of these signals is not evidence of low risk. The practical priority is high for any internet-exposed Coolify instance with multiple or untrusted users, since the only barrier is a valid low-privilege account and the payoff is host compromise; for single-operator, network-isolated deployments the practical exposure is lower because the attacker must already hold an account. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who holds (or registers/phishes) a low-privilege Coolify account configures a log drain or an application environment variable whose value contains shell metacharacters such as a command-substitution payload. When Coolify builds and runs the corresponding shell command on the host, the injected payload executes with the platform's host privileges, giving the attacker code execution and a pivot into managed servers and containers. No public POC is referenced, but the low attack complexity makes weaponization straightforward. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 07, 2026
OS command injection in Coolify (self-hosted server/application/database management platform) before 4.0.0-beta.466 lets an authenticated user execute arbitrary commands on the host by supplying log drain secret or environment values that are interpolated into shell commands without proper encoding. Because Coolify orchestrates the underlying host, the injected commands run with the platform's host-level context, effectively yielding host takeover. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; this is not in CISA KEV and no POC is referenced, so risk is driven by the ease of authenticated exploitation rather than confirmed in-the-wild activity.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Coolify v4.0.0-beta.466 or later, which corrects the encoding of log drain secret and environment values before they are used in shell commands (see advisory GHSA-3xm2-hqg8-4m2p and release https://github.com/coollabsio/coolify/releases/tag/v4.0.0-beta.466). If you cannot upgrade immediately, restrict who holds Coolify accounts and avoid configuring log drains, and audit or limit the ability of untrusted users to set environment variables or log drain secrets, since those are the injection sinks; also place the Coolify dashboard behind a VPN or IP allowlist rather than exposing it to the internet to shrink the authenticated attack surface. These controls reduce exposure but do not fully close the flaw and may disrupt legitimate log-drain and multi-user workflows, so upgrading remains the only complete fix.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Coolify is an open-source, self-hostable PaaS (an alternative to Heroku/Netlify) that manages servers, applications and databases, frequently running with broad privileges over Docker and the host OS. The root cause is CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command): user-controlled log drain secrets and environment variable values are concatenated into shell command strings without sufficient encoding or quoting, so shell metacharacters (for example ; | $() or backticks) break out of the intended argument and are executed by the host shell. The affected product per CPE is cpe:2.3:a:coollabsio:coolify covering all versions prior to the fixed 4.0.0-beta.466.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Network-reachable dashboard, low complexity, needs a low-privilege authenticated account (PR:L), no user interaction; host command execution yields full C/I/A impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to 4.0.0-beta.466, log drain secret and environment values were interpolated into shell commands without sufficient encoding, allowing an authenticated user to inject commands executed on the host. This issue is fixed in version 4.0.0-beta.466.
Executive ViewAI
Coolify before version 4.0.0-beta.466 contains an authenticated command injection vulnerability (CVSS 8.8) in log drain and environment variable handling that permits arbitrary code execution with host-level privileges. Organizations running vulnerable instances face complete infrastructure takeover; an attacker with Coolify administrative credentials can compromise all containerized applications and underlying systems orchestrated by the platform. No vendor patch is currently available, creating urgent need for interim compensating controls.
Until vendor patch releases: (1) Enforce multi-factor authentication on all Coolify administrative accounts and strictly limit access to essential personnel only; (2) Implement network segmentation to restrict Coolify management interfaces to bastion hosts and approved networks only; (3) Disable log drain and environment interpolation features if operationally feasible; (4) Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) monitoring configured to alert on unexpected shell command execution spawned by Coolify processes; (5) Enable comprehensive audit logging of all configuration changes within Coolify; (6) If available, implement reverse proxy or WAF rules to validate and encode all inputs to log drain and environment variable fields.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
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EUVD-2026-41982
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
Exploit-DB