Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessConnect to target node as P2P peer
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ExploitSend crafted P2P messages exercising send path
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ExecutionTrigger unbounded memory accumulation
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ImpactExhaust node memory, degrade availability
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource consumption limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires an attacker to establish a Bitcoin P2P connection to the target node and exercise the send-path/send-buffer behavior referenced by the vendor as the fPauseSend OOM; the condition is reachable without authentication or user interaction (PR:N/UI:N) against nodes running Bitcoin Core before 29.5, 30.4, 31.2 or 32.1. Exploitation is limited by the need for network reachability to the node's P2P port (most impactful against listening nodes that accept inbound peers) and by the impact ceiling itself - only availability is affected (A:L), yielding memory exhaustion/degradation rather than code execution or data exposure. The exact message sequence that triggers the OOM is not described in the available sources. |
| Impact | This is a medium-severity denial-of-service issue, not a high-priority emergency, and the signals are consistent rather than conflicting. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L, base 5.3) describes a remotely reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated condition whose only impact is partial availability (A:L) - no confidentiality or integrity effect - matching CWE-400 (uncontrolled resource consumption) and the described out-of-memory behavior. The EPSS probability is very low (0.16%, 5th percentile), there is no CISA KEV listing (not actively exploited), and no exploit code is identified in the input, so exploitation pressure today is minimal. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month', indicating a routine prioritized patch rather than act_now/emergency. Net: a genuine but moderate DoS against Bitcoin Core nodes that should be patched on a normal maintenance cycle; it is a low-real-risk issue relative to its network-reachable vector because the worst outcome is memory exhaustion / node degradation, not compromise. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A malicious or malfunctioning peer connects to a Bitcoin Core node over the P2P network and exercises the send-path behavior referenced in the vendor disclosure (fPauseSend / send-buffer handling), causing the node to accumulate memory until it is exhausted. The result is degraded availability or a crash of the targeted node; no authentication or user interaction is required (PR:N/UI:N), but no public exploit code is identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Nov 02, 2026
Memory exhaustion in Bitcoin Core's peer-to-peer send path (the fPauseSend OOM condition) allows a remote peer to drive a node into out-of-memory conditions, degrading or halting availability of the affected node. Nodes running versions prior to 29.5, 30.4, 31.2 and 32.1 are affected, per the vendor disclosure dated 2026-10-28. The vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L) confirms remote, unauthenticated reachability with only availability impact; EPSS is low at 0.16% (5th percentile) and there is no KEV entry, so this is a medium-severity denial-of-service issue rather than an emergency, triaged as 'this_month' remediation priority. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to the fixed release on the deployed branch: 29.5 for 29.x, 30.4 for 30.x, 31.2 for 31.x, or 32.1 for 32.x; the vendor disclosure at https://bitcoincore.org/en/2026/10/28/disclose-fpausesend-oom/ should be reviewed before rollout since it is the authoritative statement of affected and fixed versions. Because exploitation requires a peer connection to the node's P2P port, operators who cannot patch immediately can reduce reachability by not exposing the P2P listener to untrusted networks and by limiting inbound peer slots, at the cost of reduced peer connectivity and slower sync or relay performance; this is a reachability reduction, not a fix, and the vendor advisory remains the reference for any supported workaround. Prioritise this within the current month per the 'this_month' decision label, and validate the running version after upgrade because the supplied CPE data is unpopulated and cannot confirm remediation on its own.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is an instance of CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) in Bitcoin Core's peer-to-peer networking layer, specifically tied to the send-path/send-buffer pausing behaviour the vendor labels fPauseSend. Because Bitcoin nodes accept inbound connections from arbitrary peers on the P2P port, the attack surface is the wire protocol itself: a connecting peer can exercise the send-path handling that the vendor's disclosure identifies as the OOM trigger. The CVSS vector PR:N/UI:N indicates no privileges or user interaction are needed once a peer connection is established, and AV:N/AC:L reflects that the path is network-reachable with no special attack complexity. Impact is bounded to A:L - memory exhaustion and service degradation rather than code execution or data exposure. The exact message sequence that produces the OOM is not described in the available sources, and the supplied CPE string is unpopulated (n/a:n/a), so the affected version ranges are taken from the vendor advisory rather than from CPE matching.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Reachable over the P2P network by an unauthenticated peer with low complexity (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); impact is limited to partial availability via memory exhaustion (A:L), no C/I.
Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).
CVSS VectorVendor: mitre
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Bitcoin Core prior to 29.5, 30.4, 31.2 and 32.1 is vulnerable to an OOM issue.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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EUVD-2026-114180
GHSA-5q8q-px2m-hfmx
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB