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Apache ActiveMQ CVE-2026-111821

HIGH
2026-11-03
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Connect to KahaDB-backed broker
  2. Exploit
    Create durable subscription with oversized combined clientId+subscription name
  3. Execution
    Poison KahaDB journal
  4. Impact
    Broker shuts down unrecoverable

Vulnerability Assessment

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires (1) the broker to use the KahaDB persistence store - brokers on JDBC or other persistence are not implicated by the description - and (2) an actor able to create a durable subscription in which the clientId and subscription name are each below 65,535 bytes but sum to more than 65,535. The limiting factors are therefore the KahaDB persistence mode (not necessarily default across all deployments) and the ability to create durable subscriptions, which on a broker with authentication/authorization enabled requires valid credentials and subscription rights; on an open/unsecured broker no such barrier exists. The available sources do not state whether a secured broker is required, so the authentication barrier should be treated as deployment-dependent.

Impact

This is a denial-of-service / data-persistence integrity issue in Apache ActiveMQ brokers backed by KahaDB. No CVSS vector, EPSS score, KEV listing, or PoC reference is present in the input, and the vuln.today decision label is 'awaiting_data', so quantitative exploitation signals are simply unavailable rather than low - this should be read as incomplete telemetry, not as confirmed low risk. The vendor rates it 'important'. The mechanism is clearly described and credible: a client that can create a durable subscription supplies a clientId and a subscription name that are each individually under the 65,535-byte limit but whose combined length exceeds it, which poisons the KahaDB journal and causes the broker to shut down in an unrecoverable state. The real-world weight comes from the impact (persistent, unrecoverable broker outage affecting a widely deployed messaging backbone) and the low complexity, tempered by the fact that exploitation requires the ability to create a durable subscription on a KahaDB-backed broker and that there is no evidence of active exploitation or public exploit code. Net: credible and worth prioritizing for KahaDB deployments because of the unrecoverable availability impact, but currently with no confirmed exploitation and no independently supplied severity score to corroborate the 'important' rating.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A client able to create durable subscriptions connects to a KahaDB-backed ActiveMQ broker and registers a durable subscription whose clientId and subscription name are each shorter than 65,535 bytes but together exceed that length. This poisons the KahaDB journal and forces the broker into an unrecoverable shutdown, denying messaging service to all connected applications. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the trigger is network-reachable and low-complexity but depends on the ability to create a durable subscription.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet

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AnalysisAIv1 – Nov 03, 2026

Denial of service with persistent impact in Apache ActiveMQ: on a broker using the KahaDB message store, an actor who creates a durable subscription whose clientId and subscription name are each shorter than 65,535 bytes but exceed that limit when combined forces the broker to shut down and leaves it unable to recover, because the malformed record is written into the KahaDB journal. Affected are ActiveMQ 6.0.0 before 6.3.3 and the 5.x line before 5.19.12, along with the matching KahaDB versions; the assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H means the attacker is authenticated (PR:L) and needs rights to create durable subscriptions wherever the broker enforces authentication and authorization, a barrier that is deployment-dependent and absent on an open broker. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) were identified at time of analysis; vendor-released fixes are 6.4.0, 6.3.3 and 5.19.12.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to a fixed release: Apache ActiveMQ 6.4.0, 6.3.3 or 5.19.12, per the vendor's recommendation, choosing 5.19.12 for the 5.x line and either 6.3.3 or 6.4.0 on 6.x (advisory links: https://activemq.apache.org/ and https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2026/q4/494). Where an upgrade cannot be scheduled immediately, the exposure can be narrowed along the two prerequisites identified in the assessment: restrict the ability to create durable subscriptions to trusted principals (an authorization change that will break any legitimate client that legitimately creates durable subscriptions) and confirm whether the broker actually uses KahaDB, since brokers on JDBC or another persistence store are not implicated by the described flaw (a configuration decision that cannot be made casually on an existing installation because it changes persistence and message-store migration requirements). Enforcing authentication and authorization on brokers currently running open is the other lever, since the assessed PR:L vector assumes valid credentials with subscription rights; none of these workarounds removes the journal-poisoning behavior itself, and no vendor-published workaround was included in the available data.

Affected ProductsAI

Apache ActiveMQ releases from 6.0.0 before 6.3.3 and Apache ActiveMQ releases before 5.19.12 are affected, and the same ranges are listed for the bundled Apache ActiveMQ KahaDB persistence component (6.0.0 before 6.3.3, and before 5.19.12), which is the store the broker must be using for the described failure to occur. No CPE strings were supplied with the advisory data, so affected-instance identification has to be done by version banner and by confirming KahaDB is the configured persistence adapter rather than JDBC. The vendor announcement and release notes for the fixed 6.4.0, 6.3.3 and 5.19.12 builds are at https://activemq.apache.org/, and the original advisory thread is at https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2026/q4/494, with the CVE record at https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-111821.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

KahaDB is Apache ActiveMQ's file-based message persistence store, offered alongside JDBC persistence and used (often together with shared storage) for high-availability broker topologies; the flaw is scoped by the vendor description to brokers backed by KahaDB, so brokers on JDBC or another store are not implicated by the published text. The root cause is characterized as improper input validation of durable-subscription identity fields: the length of the clientId and the subscription name is evidently constrained per field rather than on the combined value, so two individually legal strings can together overflow a 65,535-byte boundary when the subscription record is journaled, and the broker then shuts down and cannot be recovered from that journal state. No CWE identifier was supplied with the advisory, so the mapping to an input-validation class rests on the vendor's own wording rather than an assigned CWE entry, and the exact serialization/journal framing path that trips the limit is not described in the available sources. The consumed impact is availability plus persistence integrity: there is no confidentiality or integrity-of-message-content claim in the assessed vector (C:N/I:N/A:H), and the assessed attack complexity is low with no user interaction.

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Severity by source

vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Network-reachable (AV:N) and low-complexity (AC:L); creating a durable subscription normally requires a connected/authorized client, so PR:L; impact is an unrecoverable broker shutdown, so A:H with no confidentiality or integrity impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Description PRE-NVD

Disclosed via oss-security. NVD scoring and full description are pending.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity denial-of-service vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ can allow an authenticated attacker to permanently disable the messaging broker by creating a malformed durable subscription, corrupting the KahaDB journal and preventing broker restart. This impacts organizations relying on ActiveMQ for business-critical messaging, causing extended outages and potential data loss, while unauthenticated deployments face higher risk.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: enforce strict authentication and authorization for durable subscription creation, restrict broker access to trusted networks, and monitor for malformed subscription requests; consider disabling durable subscriptions if not essential.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Prevalence
High
most popular open-source Java message broker, broad enterprise deployment
Data Quality
1 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS N/A
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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