Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach exposed /umbraco/PreviewHub endpoint
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ExploitComplete anonymous SignalR negotiate
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ExecutionSubscribe to refresh notifications
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ImpactHarvest unpublished content keys and editorial timing
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication required for critical functions
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | No authentication is required (PR:N): the attacker only needs network reachability to the Umbraco backoffice SignalR endpoints (/umbraco/PreviewHub, /umbraco/backofficeHub) because those hub classes were missing the [Authorize(Policy = BackOfficeAccess)] attribute, leaving the negotiate and connection endpoints anonymously accessible. Exploitation is LIMITED by several factors: the backoffice SignalR endpoints must be network-exposed to the attacker (not firewalled/internal-only); disclosure is confined to data pushed to the hubs during active editorial/content-refresh activity, so the attacker must maintain a connection while editors are working (reflected as AT:P and AC:H); and the leak is read-only confidentiality of content keys (including unpublished content) and editorial timing - no credentials, content modification, or code execution are possible. Affected deployments are Umbraco CMS versions before 17.7.1 and before 18.2.1. |
| Impact | This is a medium-severity information-disclosure flaw (vendor CVSS 4.0 base 6.3). The provided CVSS vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N) confirms it is remotely reachable by unauthenticated clients with no user interaction, which raises its exposure, but AC:H and AT:P indicate real limiting conditions: successful disclosure depends on being connected to the hub while editorial/refresh activity is occurring, so exploitation is opportunistic/timing-dependent rather than deterministic. Impact is bounded - VC:L with VI:N/VA:N means low-confidentiality leakage (content keys, including unpublished content, and editorial activity timing) with no integrity or availability impact and no code execution. No EPSS score was provided, the CVE is not in CISA KEV, and no public exploit was supplied, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The root cause is well understood and confirmed by the vendor source diff (SignalR hubs lacked the [Authorize(Policy = BackOfficeAccess)] attribute, so MapHub exposed anonymous negotiate endpoints). Net: a credible but moderate-priority issue - treat as a genuine patch-soon item for internet-exposed Umbraco backoffices because it is unauthenticated and network-facing, but it is not a critical/wormable RCE and the AC:H/AT:P conditions plus confidentiality-only impact keep real-world risk well below the attention a high-CVSS flaw would warrant. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who can reach an internet-exposed Umbraco backoffice sends an anonymous SignalR negotiate request to /umbraco/PreviewHub (or BackofficeHub), establishes a connection without any credentials, and passively receives the refresh notifications broadcast to the hub. While editors work, the attacker harvests disclosed content keys for unpublished content and infers editorial activity timing. No public exploit was supplied, but the attack only requires a standard SignalR client and no authentication (PR:N), though AC:H/AT:P mean the attacker must be connected during active editorial sessions to capture meaningful data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 16, 2026
Unauthenticated clients that can reach an Umbraco CMS backoffice can complete the SignalR negotiate handshake against the PreviewHub and BackofficeHub endpoints and receive the refreshed notifications those hubs broadcast, disclosing content keys for unpublished content and revealing when editors are actively working. The flaw affects Umbraco CMS releases before 17.7.1 and before 18.2.1 and is rated medium severity (vendor CVSS 4.0 base 6.3; independently assessed CVSS 3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/C:L), with the practical leak limited to read-only metadata that only flows while editorial activity is in progress. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no evidence of confirmed active exploitation; the vendor has published patched releases and upstream fix commits.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Umbraco CMS 17.7.1 or 18.2.1 (release-17.7.1 and release-18.2.1), which add the [Authorize(Policy = BackOfficeAccess)] attribute to PreviewHub and BackofficeHub so the negotiate and connection endpoints reject anonymous requests; the underlying fixes are commits b4f6cfc9d0955f9d8443e68353db4a692e91bd94 and 243e082479c777d0f585bbd2f8db571607767b22, and full details are in advisory GHSA-4c5q-6c64-96j7. If upgrading immediately is not possible, the most effective compensating control is to block unauthenticated network access to the hub paths - deny or require authentication for /umbraco/PreviewHub, /umbraco/backofficeHub, and /umbraco/serverEventHub at the reverse proxy, WAF, or firewall, and restrict the entire /umbraco backoffice path to trusted networks or a VPN; the trade-off is that blank-blocking those routes also breaks legitimate backoffice real-time notifications, cache-refresh signalling, and the content preview window for editors, so any exception list must be scoped to authenticated backoffice users only. Because exploitation requires an open connection during active editorial work, shortening the exposure window (taking staging/preview environments off the public internet) reduces risk, but this is a containment measure only and does not remove the missing authorization check.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function) in Umbraco's ASP.NET Core SignalR hub registration. In the affected builds, the PreviewHub class (src/Umbraco.Cms.Api.Management/Preview/PreviewHub.cs) and the BackofficeHub class (src/Umbraco.Cms.Api.Management/Routing/BackofficeHub.cs) were declared without the [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.BackOfficeAccess)] attribute, and because MapHub propagates a hub class's authorization metadata onto both its negotiate endpoint and its connection endpoint, an unattributed hub is reachable anonymously. That allows an unauthenticated client to POST the SignalR negotiate request to /umbraco/PreviewHub (and /umbraco/backofficeHub), obtain a connection token, and subscribe to the server-to-client broadcasts emitted by PreviewHubUpdater, which push content-refresh notifications. Those payloads carry content keys - including keys for unpublished content - and their timing reveals editorial activity patterns; the exposed surface is confidentiality only, with no write path, credential exposure, or code execution. The upstream fix adds the BackOfficeAccess authorization policy to the hub classes and updates the Angular backoffice preview context to attach an access token via accessTokenFactory, with new integration tests (SignalRHubAuthorizationTests) asserting that anonymous negotiate calls to /umbraco/PreviewHub, the backoffice SignalR hub, and the server-event hub return HTTP 401 while authenticated calls succeed.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Unauthenticated network reachability gives AV:N/PR:N/UI:N, but timing-dependent capture of broadcast notifications makes it AC:H; only low confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability effect.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
Umbraco CMS before 17.7.1 and 18.2.1 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows unauthenticated clients to connect to the backoffice PreviewHub and BackofficeHub SignalR hubs. Attackers can complete the SignalR negotiate step and receive refreshed notifications that disclose content keys, including unpublished content, and reveal editorial activity timing.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
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EUVD-2026-103046
GHSA-q9r6-5jwm-rmgp
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB