Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessBind server to non-loopback interface
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DeliveryLure victim to attacker page
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ExploitSend cross-origin request with localhost Origin
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ExecutionServer reflects Origin into CORS header
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ImpactRead /health response cross-origin
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Origin validation
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the McpSseServer in lib/mcp-transport-sse.ts be bound to a non-loopback address (a non-default, operator-chosen deployment such as 0.0.0.0 rather than 127.0.0.1); against a default loopback bind the flaw is not remotely reachable. It further requires victim user interaction (UI:P) - the victim must visit an attacker-controlled page that can reach the server's network location - and the exposure is limited to unauthenticated endpoints like /health, so only low-sensitivity information is disclosed. No authentication is needed by the attacker (PR:N), but the non-default bind and required victim browsing substantially constrain realistic exploitation. |
| Impact | This is a genuinely low-priority issue, and the signals are consistent in that direction. The only provided CVSS is a 4.0 vector scoring 2.3 (Low): AV:N but AT:P (a specific attack requirement - the server must bind a non-loopback interface) and UI:P (a victim must visit an attacker-controlled page), with only VC:L confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability impact. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided - so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The vulnerability is a CORS origin-validation flaw (CWE-346) that leaks only unauthenticated, low-sensitivity endpoints such as /health cross-origin. Multiple limiting factors (non-default bind configuration, required victim interaction, and trivial data exposure) all compound to keep real-world risk minimal. No conflicting signals are present; the chief caveat is simply the thin intelligence set - a single vendor/VulnCheck advisory with no exploitation telemetry. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An operator runs network-ai with its MCP SSE server bound to a non-loopback address (e.g., 0.0.0.0). An attacker lures a victim who has network reach to that server into visiting a malicious web page; the page issues a cross-origin request with a localhost Origin, which the server reflects into Access-Control-Allow-Origin, letting the attacker's JavaScript read responses from unauthenticated endpoints like /health. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026
Cross-origin information disclosure in Network-AI (npm package network-ai) before 5.15.2 stems from an origin validation error in McpSseServer._handleRequest (lib/mcp-transport-sse.ts) that reflects a localhost Origin into the Access-Control-Allow-Origin response header regardless of which interface the server binds. An attacker-controlled page carrying a localhost Origin can therefore read unauthenticated endpoints such as /health cross-origin, but only when the operator has bound the MCP SSE server to a non-loopback address (a non-default configuration) and a victim visits that malicious page - no public exploit code identified at time of analysis. Impact is limited to low-sensitivity information disclosure (assessed CVSS:3.1 base 3.0, C:L/I:N/A:N), and the reported CVSS 4.0 base of 2.3 is consistent with this low-priority characterization.
RemediationAI
Apply the vendor-released patch by upgrading Network-AI (npm network-ai) to 5.15.2 or later, which corrects the origin validation logic in lib/mcp-transport-sse.ts; details are in GHSA-4pvg-m42h-c3x2 (https://github.com/Jovancoding/Network-AI/security/advisories/GHSA-4pvg-m42h-c3x2). If immediate upgrade is not possible, the most effective compensating control is to keep McpSseServer bound to the default loopback interface (127.0.0.1), which removes remote reachability entirely - its trade-off is that legitimate remote clients can no longer connect. If the service must listen on a non-loopback address, front it with a reverse proxy that enforces a strict Origin allowlist and strips or overwrites Access-Control-Allow-Origin rather than reflecting client-supplied values, accepting the added proxy complexity and maintenance overhead. Additional hardening includes restricting network access to the MCP SSE port via host firewall or ACLs limited to trusted source addresses, and disabling the MCP SSE transport altogether when it is not required, at the cost of losing that integration.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
CWE-346 (Origin Validation Error) is the root-cause class here: the MCP SSE transport in Network-AI's lib/mcp-transport-sse.ts contains a handler, McpSseServer._handleRequest, that echoes a localhost Origin value into Access-Control-Allow-Origin without first confirming that the server is actually bound to a loopback interface or that the requesting Origin is legitimately trusted. Because CORS permits a browser to read cross-origin responses only when the server returns a matching Access-Control-Allow-Origin, that reflection enables cross-origin reads of unauthenticated endpoints such as /health from any page that can present a localhost Origin and reach the server's network location. The flaw is confined to the MCP (Model Context Protocol) SSE server component of the npm package network-ai, published by the vendor tracked as jovancoding under CPE cpe:2.3:a:jovancoding:network-ai:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, and it only becomes remotely reachable when the operator binds McpSseServer to a non-loopback address (for example 0.0.0.0) instead of the default 127.0.0.1. The CVSS 4.0 vector's AT:P and UI:P metrics align with the assessed CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N profile: no attacker authentication is needed, but attack requirements (non-default bind) and victim user interaction substantially constrain practical exploitation, and the confidentiality exposure is low because only unauthenticated, low-sensitivity endpoints are readable.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N), but the required non-loopback bind makes conditions attacker-uncontrolled (AC:H), a victim must browse (UI:R), and only low-sensitivity data leaks (C:L, I/A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Network-AI (npm network-ai) before 5.15.2 contains an origin validation error in McpSseServer._handleRequest in lib/mcp-transport-sse.ts that reflects localhost Origins into Access-Control-Allow-Origin regardless of bind interface. When the server binds a non-loopback address, an attacker page with a localhost Origin visited by a victim can read unauthenticated endpoints like /health cross-origin.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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