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Hygia CVE-2025-53453

HIGH
PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98)
2025-12-18 audit@patchstack.com
8.1
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Remote unauthenticated attacker identifies a vulnerable Hygia endpoint
  2. Delivery
    Sends crafted HTTP request with path traversal payload
  3. Exploit
    Bypasses improper filename control in PHP include/require
  4. Execution
    Includes arbitrary local file (e.g., wp-config.php)
  5. Impact
    Extracts sensitive information like database credentials

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File inclusion prevention, allowlisting
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Command and Control

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

No special conditions beyond an active Hygia theme installation. The high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests exploitation likely requires precise knowledge of the vulnerable parameter and careful crafting of the payload; it is not a “point-and-click” exploit. No authentication or user interaction is required, but the vulnerability is not trivially exploitable against all deployments without detailed reconnaissance.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates a network-exploitable vulnerability with no authentication or user interaction but high attack complexity, which limits practical exploitability. EPSS probability of exploitation is only 0.08% (23rd percentile), reinforcing the low likelihood of real-world utilization. No entry in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog exists, and no public proof-of-concept code has been identified. These signals collectively suggest a issue that, while severe in potential impact, is not an immediate priority for most organizations. However, if the theme is in use, local file disclosure risks credential exposure and should not be ignored.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker crafts a specially crafted HTTP request targeting a vulnerable theme endpoint that processes file inclusion, using path traversal sequences to include local server files such as wp-config.php. Successful exploitation could disclose database credentials and other sensitive information, potentially leading to full site compromise.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 27, 2026

PHP Local File Inclusion in the Hygia WordPress theme up to version 1.16 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary local files on the server, potentially compromising credentials or enabling further attacks. Exploitation complexity is high (CVSS AC:H), and no active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at this time. The EPSS score is low (0.08%), indicating a low likelihood of widespread exploitation.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch has been independently confirmed at this time. The primary recommendation is to disable or remove the Hygia theme until an official fix is available. If immediate removal is not possible, restrict access to the WordPress admin area, apply a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block path traversal attempts in theme-related parameters, and monitor for unusual file access patterns. Note that workarounds may not fully mitigate the risk if the theme is active.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability stems from improper sanitization of filenames passed to PHP include/require statements (CWE-98), allowing an attacker to inject directory traversal sequences to read arbitrary files. This class of flaw typically arises in WordPress themes that dynamically include files based on user-controllable parameters without adequate validation. According to the identified CPE (cpe:2.3:a:axiomthemes:hygia:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*), the Hygia theme by axiomthemes is the affected product, and all versions up to and including 1.16 are vulnerable.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.1 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 8.1 HIGH

High complexity reflects the need for precise payload crafting; scope unchanged as the attack only reads local files.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Hygia hygia allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Hygia: from n/a through <= 1.16.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 77% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche WordPress theme with limited install base
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

40
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +40
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Local File Inclusion vulnerabilities occur when an application accepts user-controlled input to specify which file should be loaded or executed, typically through functions like PHP's `include()`, `require()`, or `fopen()`.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:axiomthemes:hygia:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*

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