What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-4851?

CVE-2025-4851 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 2.4%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-4851?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Validate input sanitization for user-controlled parameters.

N300rh Firmware CVE-2025-4851

MEDIUM

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)

2025-05-18 cna@vuldb.com

Command Injection N300rh Firmware TOTOLINK

5.3

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-74 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Impact	CVSS score of 5.3 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 2.41%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 2.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-74. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101. This vulnerability affects the function setUploadUserData of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument FileName leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Affected products include: Totolink N300Rh Firmware.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

Low

Vulnerable system: Availability

Low

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101. This vulnerability affects the function setUploadUserData of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument FileName leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A vulnerability classified as critical should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-4851, a injection vulnerability rated CVSS 5.3. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute code or inject malicious input. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: deploy WAF rules, restrict network access, enable logging.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

2.4%

Top 15% exploitable

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 2.4%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.