What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-6401?

CVE-2025-6401 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.0 (Low). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2025-6401?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2025-6401. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-6401?

During next maintenance window: Apply vendor patches when convenient. Monitor vendor channels for updates.

TOTOLINK N300RH CVE-2025-6401

EUVD-2025-18807 LOW

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release (CWE-404)

2025-06-21 cna@vuldb.com

Denial Of Service N300rh Firmware TOTOLINK

2.0

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

Access

Gain local network access
Delivery

Send crafted HTTP POST to /boafrm/formFilter
Exploit

Trigger resource leak
Execution

Router crashes
Impact

Denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-404 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V14 - Configuration Dependency management, component inventory
Exploitation Conditions	The attacker must be on the same adjacent network (e.g., connected to the router's Wi-Fi) and have low privileges (e.g., valid credentials to access the management interface). The vulnerability is triggered via the /boafrm/formFilter endpoint with a manipulated 'url' argument. No user interaction is required. The attack is limited to local network access; remote exploitation from the internet is not possible unless the management interface is exposed.
Impact	The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L) indicates a low-severity issue with a base score of 2.0. The attack vector is adjacent network (AV:A), requiring the attacker to be on the same local network. The attack complexity is low, and no user interaction is needed, but the attacker must have low privileges (PR:L). The impact is limited to availability (VA:L) with no confidentiality or integrity impact. The EPSS score of 0.14% (34th percentile) suggests low exploitation probability. A public exploit exists, but there is no evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV). Overall, this is a low-risk issue due to the need for local network access and low impact.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker on the same Wi-Fi network as the TOTOLINK N300RH sends a crafted HTTP POST request to /boafrm/formFilter with a malicious 'url' parameter. This causes the router to crash, resulting in a denial of service for all connected devices. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Jul 26, 2026

Denial of service in TOTOLINK N300RH firmware 6.1c.1390_B20191101 via the /boafrm/formFilter endpoint allows an authenticated attacker on the local network to crash the device by manipulating the 'url' argument. A public exploit is available, but no active exploitation has been reported (not in CISA KEV). EPSS score is low (0.14%), indicating low exploitation likelihood.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 15, 2026 - 21:35 CVSS 3.5

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch has been identified at the time of analysis. As a workaround, restrict access to the router's management interface to trusted devices only, e.g., by disabling remote management or using firewall rules to block unauthorized IPs. Note that this may limit administrative convenience. Users should monitor the vendor's website (https://www.totolink.net/) for future firmware updates.

Affected VersionsENISA

N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101

Affected Packages

euvd n300rh no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability resides in the HTTP POST message handler of the TOTOLINK N300RH router, specifically in the /boafrm/formFilter file. The CWE-404 (Improper Resource Shutdown or Release) indicates that the software does not properly release resources after handling a request, leading to a denial of service. The affected product is a consumer-grade router running firmware version 6.1c.1390_B20191101, as identified by the CPE string cpe:2.3:o:totolink:n300rh_firmware:6.1c.1390_b20191101:*:*:*:*:*:*:*.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 2.0 LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

vuln.today AI 3.5 LOW

Adjacent network, low privileges required, low availability impact.

3.1 AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

4.0 AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Adjacent

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

None

Vulnerable system: Integrity

None

Vulnerable system: Availability

Low

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

CVSS changed

Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD

3.5 (LOW) 2.0 (LOW)

PoC Detected

Jun 25, 2025 - 20:14 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Jun 21, 2025 - 07:15 nvd

LOW 3.5

CVE Published

Jun 21, 2025 - 07:15 cve.org

LOW 2.0

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101. It has been classified as problematic. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formFilter of the component HTTP POST Message Handler. The manipulation of the argument url leads to denial of service. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-6401 is a low-severity vulnerability in A vulnerability (CVSS 3.5). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. Apply vendor updates when available as part of routine maintenance.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard security controls provide adequate interim protection.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 66% exploitable

Prevalence

Low

obscure consumer router model

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

6 sources

Confidence: High

EUVD

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity LOW

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.