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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-416
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

Memory corruption that can be exploited for arbitrary code execution, information disclosure, or denial of service. With a CVSS score of 7.8 (HIGH), this represents a significant risk.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker triggers a specific sequence of operations that causes the application to free a memory block and then reference it again, potentially executing attacker-controlled data.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 16, 2026

Use after free in Microsoft Input Method Editor (IME) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 16, 2026 - 04:21 CVSS 7.8

RemediationAI

Use memory-safe languages. Implement proper object lifecycle management. Use static and dynamic analysis tools to detect UAF patterns.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.8246
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.3932
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.8246
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.5624
Windows 11 version 22H2 10.0.22621.0 <10.0.22621.5624
Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.1732
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.8246
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.7558
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.6093
Windows 11 version 22H3 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.5624
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.7558
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.6093
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.4652
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.7558

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.8246
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.7558
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.6093
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.6093
euvd windows_11_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.22621.5624
euvd windows_11_version_22h3 fix: 10.0.22631.5624
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.5624
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.4652
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.8246
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.8246
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.7558
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.7558
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.3932
euvd windows_server_2022_23h2_edition_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.25398.1732
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.4652
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.4652

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 16 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

A use-after-free vulnerability occurs when a program continues to use a pointer after the referenced memory has been freed, leading to undefined behavior. This vulnerability is classified as Use After Free (CWE-416).

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Analysis Updated
Apr 16, 2026 - 06:32 EUVD-patch-fix
executive summary
Patch available
Apr 16, 2026 - 05:29 EUVD
10.0.14393.8246,10.0.20348.3932,10.0.22631.5624
CVE Published
Jul 08, 2025 - 17:15 nvd
HIGH 7.8

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Input Method Editor contains a use-after-free vulnerability (CVE-2025-47991) that allows authenticated local users to escalate privileges on affected Windows systems. This impacts organizations where users have local system access, potentially enabling attackers to gain administrative control and compromise sensitive data or systems.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 84% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use After Free HIGH

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory Corruption HIGH

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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Same weakness CWE-416 – Use After Free

View all
CVE-2019-0708 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-0322 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-4792 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2009-4324 HIGH POC
7.8
CVE-2015-0313 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2013-2551 HIGH POC
8.8

Same technique Denial Of Service

View all
CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC
7.8
CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC
7.8

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47991 ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47991

Search Externally

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