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Linux Kernel CVE-2025-38466

MEDIUM
2025-07-25 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Information Disclosure Linux Debian Debian Linux
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY
5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SUSE
MEDIUM
qualitative
Red Hat
4.4 MEDIUM
qualitative

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Analysis Generated
May 12, 2026 - 13:32 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 25, 2025 - 16:15 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf: Revert to requiring CAP_SYS_ADMIN for uprobes

Jann reports that uprobes can be used destructively when used in the middle of an instruction. The kernel only verifies there is a valid instruction at the requested offset, but due to variable instruction length cannot determine if this is an instruction as seen by the intended execution stream.

Additionally, Mark Rutland notes that on architectures that mix data in the text segment (like arm64), a similar things can be done if the data word is 'mistaken' for an instruction.

As such, require CAP_SYS_ADMIN for uprobes.

AnalysisAI

Linux kernel uprobes implementation allows local privileged users to cause denial of service by placing probes at invalid instruction boundaries, exploiting variable-length instruction decoding and mixing of data in text segments on architectures like ARM64. The vulnerability requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability, limiting exposure to privileged local attackers. Patch available across multiple stable kernel branches (6.16-rc1 through rc4 and earlier versions).

Technical ContextAI

Uprobes is a dynamic instrumentation mechanism in the Linux kernel perf subsystem that allows runtime instrumentation of user-space applications by inserting breakpoint probes into executable memory. The vulnerability stems from the kernel's uprobe insertion logic, which validates only that a valid instruction exists at the requested offset but cannot determine whether that instruction aligns with the actual execution stream due to variable-length instruction encoding (particularly on x86 and ARM architectures). On ARM64 and similar architectures where data can be embedded in text segments, an attacker with CAP_SYS_ADMIN could deliberately place a uprobe at an offset that appears to contain a valid instruction but actually sits within another instruction or within data, causing memory corruption or system instability. The fix requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN privilege, reverting a prior relaxation of this requirement.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patches are available across multiple stable kernel branches via git commits 183bdb89af1b5193b1d1d9316986053b15ca6fa4, 8e8bf7bc6aa6f583336c2fda280b6cea0aed5612, a0a8009083e569b5526c64f7d3f2a62baca95164, ba677dbe77af5ffe6204e0f3f547f3ba059c6302, c0aec35f861fa746ca45aa816161c74352e6ada8, d5074256b642cdeb46a70ce2f15193e766edca68, and d7ef1afd5b3f43f4924326164cee5397b66abd9c. Apply the kernel patch for your specific branch (e.g., 6.16-rc4 and later releases) via your distribution's kernel update mechanism. For Debian LTS systems, updates are available via debian-lts-announce dated October 2025 (https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html and msg00008.html). Siemens industrial systems using affected Linux kernels should consult https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html for vendor-specific guidance. Workaround: Do not grant CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability to untrusted local users; restrict perf subsystem access via sysctl kernel.perf_event_paranoid=3 to block unprivileged perf use entirely (side effect: disables performance profiling for non-root users).

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium
Product Status
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-os-container:2.1.3-7.57 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/base-os-container:2.2.1-5.40 Image SL-Micro Image SL-Micro-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SL-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SL-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro Image SLE-Micro-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SLE-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-ltd Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-ltd Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-os-container:2.1.3-6.80 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/kvm-os-container:2.2.1-5.41 Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-os-container:2.1.3-7.95 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/rt-os-container:2.2.1-5.34 Affected
Image SLES-Azure-3P Image SLES-Azure-Basic Image SLES-Azure-Standard Image SLES-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES-EC2 Image SLES-GCE Image SLES-GCE-3P Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES-SAPCAL-GCE Affected
Image SLES-SAP-Azure Image SLES-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAP-EC2 Image SLES-SAP-GCE Image SLES-SAP-GCE-3P Affected

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CVE-2025-38466 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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