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Linux Kernel CVE-2025-38439

MEDIUM
2025-07-25 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Information Disclosure Linux Debian Red Hat Debian Linux Suse
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY
5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI
4.7 MEDIUM

Requires bnxt_en hardware, IOMMU enabled, and active XDP_REDIRECT simultaneously, warranting AC:H; PR:L for CAP_NET_ADMIN; no C or I impact per description.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
3.3 LOW
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Red Hat
7.0 MEDIUM
qualitative

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Analysis Generated
Jul 30, 2026 - 08:51 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 25, 2025 - 16:15 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bnxt_en: Set DMA unmap len correctly for XDP_REDIRECT

When transmitting an XDP_REDIRECT packet, call dma_unmap_len_set() with the proper length instead of 0. This bug triggers this warning on a system with IOMMU enabled:

WARNING: CPU: 36 PID: 0 at drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c:842 __iommu_dma_unmap+0x159/0x170 RIP: 0010:__iommu_dma_unmap+0x159/0x170 Code: a8 00 00 00 00 48 c7 45 b0 00 00 00 00 48 c7 45 c8 00 00 00 00 48 c7 45 a0 ff ff ff ff 4c 89 45 b8 4c 89 45 c0 e9 77 ff ff ff <0f> 0b e9 60 ff ff ff e8 8b bf 6a 00 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 RSP: 0018:ff22d31181150c88 EFLAGS: 00010206 RAX: 0000000000002000 RBX: 00000000e13a0000 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ff22d31181150cf0 R08: ff22d31181150ca8 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: ff22d311d36c9d80 R12: 0000000000001000 R13: ff13544d10645010 R14: ff22d31181150c90 R15: ff13544d0b2bac00 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ff13550908a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00005be909dacff8 CR3: 0008000173408003 CR4: 0000000000f71ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <IRQ> ? show_regs+0x6d/0x80 ? __warn+0x89/0x160 ? __iommu_dma_unmap+0x159/0x170 ? report_bug+0x17e/0x1b0 ? handle_bug+0x46/0x90 ? exc_invalid_op+0x18/0x80 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20 ? __iommu_dma_unmap+0x159/0x170 ? __iommu_dma_unmap+0xb3/0x170 iommu_dma_unmap_page+0x4f/0x100 dma_unmap_page_attrs+0x52/0x220 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? xdp_return_frame+0x2e/0xd0 bnxt_tx_int_xdp+0xdf/0x440 [bnxt_en] __bnxt_poll_work_done+0x81/0x1e0 [bnxt_en] bnxt_poll+0xd3/0x1e0 [bnxt_en]

AnalysisAI

Incorrect DMA unmap length in the Linux kernel bnxt_en driver during XDP_REDIRECT packet transmission triggers kernel warnings and potential availability disruption on systems with IOMMU enabled. Systems running Broadcom NetXtreme Ethernet adapters with IOMMU active and XDP_REDIRECT workloads are affected across multiple stable kernel branches. No public exploit exists and EPSS sits at 0.17% (7th percentile), marking this as a stability and correctness bug rather than a targeted security threat; no active exploitation has been identified.

Technical ContextAI

The bnxt_en driver is the Linux kernel driver for Broadcom NetXtreme-E Ethernet adapters. XDP (eXpress Data Path) provides high-performance in-kernel packet processing; the XDP_REDIRECT action forwards frames to another interface, CPU queue, or socket. During transmission of an XDP_REDIRECT packet, the driver must DMA-map the packet buffer for the NIC and later unmap it. The bug is in bnxt_tx_int_xdp(), where dma_unmap_len_set() is called with a length of 0 instead of the actual buffer size. When IOMMU is active, __iommu_dma_unmap() validates the unmap length and fires a kernel WARNING (WARN_ON) at dma-iommu.c:842 because a zero-length unmap is illegal. The CPE data (cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel) confirms the Linux kernel as the sole affected product, and the CWE is not formally assigned but the root cause is an incorrect argument passed to an internal DMA API - analogous to CWE-682 (Incorrect Calculation). The call stack shows the bug manifests in interrupt context (IRQ), increasing the risk of system instability under load.

RemediationAI

Apply the upstream kernel stable patches available at git.kernel.org/stable - eight commits have been backported across multiple stable branches: 16ae306602163fcb7ae83f2701b542e43c100cee, 3cdf199d4755d477972ee87110b2aebc88b3cfad, 50dad9909715094e7d9ca25e9e0412b875987519, 5909679a82cd74cf0343d9e3ddf4b6931aa7e613, 8d672a1a6bfc81fef9151925c9c0481f4acf4bec, e260f4d49370c85a4701d43c6d16b8c39f8b605f, f154e41e1d9d15ab21300ba7bbf0ebb5cb3b9c2a, and f9eaf6d036075dc820520e1194692c0619b7297b. Debian LTS users should apply the packages announced in the October 2025 Debian LTS security advisories. If immediate patching is not possible, removing XDP programs from bnxt_en interfaces (e.g., via ip link set dev <ethX> xdp off) eliminates the trigger path with no functional impact on non-XDP traffic. Disabling IOMMU via the iommu=off kernel parameter would also prevent the warning but is not recommended as it removes DMA remapping protections. Exact patched kernel release versions are not independently confirmed from the provided data beyond the git commit references.

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Low
Product Status
Container suse/hpc/warewulf4-x86_64/sle-hpc-node:15.6.17.8.111 Image SLES15-SP6 Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES15-SP6-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-EC2-ECS-HVM Image SLES15-SP6-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-GCE Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-os-container:2.1.3-7.50 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/base-os-container:2.2.1-5.29 Image SL-Micro Image SL-Micro-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SL-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SL-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro Image SLE-Micro-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SLE-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-ltd Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-ltd Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-os-container:2.1.3-6.73 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/kvm-os-container:2.2.1-5.32 Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-os-container:2.1.3-7.85 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/rt-os-container:2.2.1-5.24 Affected
Image SLES-Azure-3P Image SLES-Azure-Basic Image SLES-Azure-Standard Image SLES-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES-EC2 Image SLES-EC2-ECS Image SLES-GCE Image SLES-GCE-3P Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES-SAPCAL-GCE Affected

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CVE-2025-38439 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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