Testimonial Slider Pro CVE-2025-32657
HIGHAttack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as low-privileged WordPress user
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DeliveryCraft include-path with traversal/filter chain
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ExploitTrigger plugin include/require statement
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ExecutionRead local files or execute included PHP
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ImpactDisclose wp-config secrets or run code
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File inclusion prevention, allowlisting
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Command and Control The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a valid low-privileged authenticated WordPress account on a site running Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro version 2.1.7 or earlier (PR:L - this is not anonymous/pre-auth). The core prerequisite is reaching the plugin code path that passes attacker-influenced input into a PHP include/require statement (CWE-98), then supplying a traversable path or PHP stream filter chain to a local file. Limiting factors: the CVSS high attack complexity (AC:H) indicates a specific, non-default payload or condition must be met rather than a trivial parameter swap; the requirement for an authenticated account further narrows exposure to sites that allow user registration or have multiple editorial users. No end-user interaction is required (UI:N). |
| Impact | This is a moderate-priority, not top-tier, vulnerability. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 is driven by high confidentiality/integrity/availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H), but two metrics meaningfully constrain real-world risk: AC:H (high attack complexity, implying a non-trivial precondition such as a specific filter-chain or path-traversal technique) and PR:L (a low-privileged authenticated account is required, not anonymous access). The EPSS score is low at 0.61% (48th percentile), indicating no statistical signal of imminent mass exploitation. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, so this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' The signals are internally consistent: low EPSS, no KEV, no POC, authentication requirement, and high complexity all point toward a flaw that is serious if reached but not currently a widespread or trivially weaponizable target. One point to verify: the CVSS reflects full CIA impact (consistent with PHP Local File Inclusion escalating to code execution via included PHP, e.g., log poisoning), yet the vendor tags label it 'Information Disclosure' (read-only) - this is a mild conflict between the impact metrics and the tag; defenders should confirm whether exploitation yields only file disclosure or full RCE. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who holds a low-privileged authenticated WordPress account (e.g., a subscriber/contributor on a multi-user site) submits a crafted request to the Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro plugin that manipulates a filename passed into a PHP include/require statement. By supplying a traversal path or PHP filter chain, they read sensitive local files (such as wp-config.php) or, if a controllable PHP source can be included, execute code on the server. No public exploit code is identified at this time, and the high attack complexity (AC:H) means a reliable attack requires crafting a specific inclusion payload. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 08, 2026
Local file inclusion (LFI) in Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro versions up to 2.1.7 allows authenticated attackers with low-privileged WordPress accounts to include local files via PHP include/require statements. This can lead to sensitive information disclosure or, under specific conditions, code execution, though the high attack complexity (AC:H) indicates a non-trivial payload is required. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified, and EPSS is low at 0.61% (48th percentile).
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch has been identified at the time of analysis. As a primary mitigation, disable or uninstall the Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro plugin until a fixed version is available. If the plugin is required, restrict the creation of low-privileged user accounts (e.g., disable open registration) and limit editorial roles to trusted users only, since exploitation requires an authenticated account. Monitor web server logs for suspicious file inclusion attempts, such as requests containing directory traversal sequences ('../') or PHP stream wrappers ('php://filter') in parameters. Consider deploying a web application firewall (WAF) rule to block such patterns, but be aware that WAFs may have false positives. Re-enable the plugin only after applying a vendor patch.
Affected ProductsAI
The affected product is the WordPress plugin Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro, developed by RadiusTheme. All versions up to and including 2.1.7 are vulnerable. No CPE string is provided, but the plugin slug is 'testimonial-slider-showcase-pro'. The vendor advisory is available at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/testimonial-slider-showcase-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-testimonial-slider-and-showcase-pro-plugin-2-1-7-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro is a WordPress plugin by RadiusTheme. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-98 (Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program), which occurs when a PHP script uses user-supplied input to determine which file to include or require without proper validation. In this case, the plugin fails to sanitize a filename parameter, allowing an attacker to traverse directories and include local files (Local File Inclusion). The CVSS vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates that the attack is network-based, requires authentication with low privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and has high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests that specific conditions or a crafted payload are needed, such as using PHP stream wrappers or a particular file path. While the CWE mentions 'Remote File Inclusion', the actual vulnerability is local file inclusion since it allows inclusion of files already present on the server.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Network-reachable plugin endpoint (AV:N) needing an authenticated low-priv account (PR:L) and a non-trivial inclusion payload (AC:H); LFI to PHP execution justifies full C:H/I:H/A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (patchstack).
CVSS VectorVendor: patchstack
DescriptionCVE.org
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in RadiusTheme Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro testimonial-slider-showcase-pro allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro: from n/a through <= 2.1.7.
Executive ViewAI
Testimonial Slider And Showcase Pro versions up to 2.1.7 are affected by a high-severity local file inclusion vulnerability that requires a low-privileged WordPress account to exploit. Successful exploitation could lead to sensitive information disclosure or, under specific conditions, code execution, though no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Because no vendor-released patch is available, leadership should focus on inventorying affected sites and deploying interim mitigations to reduce exposure.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include disabling or removing the affected plugin, restricting low-privileged user accounts, applying PHP open_basedir and disabling allow_url_include, deploying WAF rules to detect LFI attempts, and monitoring for unauthorized file access.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Local File Inclusion vulnerabilities occur when an application accepts user-controlled input to specify which file should be loaded or executed, typically through functions like PHP's `include()`, `require()`, or `fopen()`.
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB