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Ac21 Firmware CVE-2025-12611

HIGH
Buffer Overflow (CWE-119)
2025-11-03 cna@vuldb.com
7.4
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vuldb
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, buffer size validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 7.4 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.21%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker could corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application by sending crafted requests to the affected application.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC21 16.03.08.16. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Use memory-safe languages or bounds-checking. Enable ASLR, DEP/NX, stack canaries. Use safe string functions.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Buffer Overflow (CWE-119), which allows attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application. A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC21 16.03.08.16. This vulnerability affects the function formSetPPTPServer of the file /goform/SetPptpServerCfg. The manipulation of the argument startIp leads to buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Affected products include: Tenda Ac21 Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (vuldb) PRIMARY 7.4 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
PoC Detected
Nov 05, 2025 - 16:09 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Nov 03, 2025 - 03:15 nvd
HIGH 7.4

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC21 16.03.08.16. This vulnerability affects the function formSetPPTPServer of the file /goform/SetPptpServerCfg. The manipulation of the argument startIp leads to buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A vulnerability face moderate risk from CVE-2025-12611, a buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 7.4. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Moderate
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 57% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No

Priority Score

57
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +37
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:tenda:ac21_firmware:16.03.08.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2025-9605 HIGH POC
8.9 Aug 29

A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda AC21 and AC23 16.03.08.16. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.9), this vuln

CVE-2022-44163 HIGH POC
7.5 Nov 21

Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetMacFilterCfg. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5

CVE-2022-44158 HIGH POC
7.5 Nov 21

Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function via set_device_name. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5

CVE-2022-40076 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: fromSetWifiGusetBasic. Rated high sev

CVE-2022-40075 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, form_fast_setting_wifi_set. Rated high severit

CVE-2022-40074 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, setSchedWifi. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5),

CVE-2022-40073 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, saveParentControlInfo. Rated high severity (CV

CVE-2022-40072 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: setSmartPowerManagement. Rated high

CVE-2022-40071 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, formSetDeviceName. Rated high severity (CVSS 7

CVE-2022-40070 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via bin/httpd, function: formSetFirewallCfg. Rated high severi

CVE-2022-40069 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

]Tenda AC21 V 16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: fromSetSysTime. Rated high severity

CVE-2022-40068 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 19

Tenda AC21 V16.03.08.15 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /bin/httpd, function: formSetQosBand. Rated high severity (

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