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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 52.26%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker could bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Emergency Immediate action required. Why: CRITICAL + EPSS > 30%, no patch available.
No patch listed yet 52.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before version 4.5.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 52.3%.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 28, 2026 - 19:34 CVSS 9.8

NGINX authentication bypass via Lua pattern matching flaw in GL.iNet routers affects 12+ models, exposing management interfaces.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Implement multi-factor authentication, enforce strong password policies, use proven authentication frameworks.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Improper Authentication (CWE-287), which allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access. An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before version 4.5.0. There is an NGINX authentication bypass via Lua string pattern matching. This affects A1300 4.4.6, AX1800 4.4.6, AXT1800 4.4.6, MT3000 4.4.6, MT2500 4.4.6, MT6000 4.5.0, MT1300 4.3.7, MT300N-V2 4.3.7, AR750S 4.3.7, AR750 4.3.7, AR300M 4.3.7, and B1300 4.3.7. Affected products include: Gl-Inet Gl-Ax1800 Firmware, Gl-Inet Gl-Axt1800 Firmware, Gl-Inet Gl-Mt3000 Firmware, Gl-Inet Gl-Mt2500 Firmware, Gl-Inet Gl-Mt6000 Firmware. Version information: version 4.5.0..

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
PoC Detected
Jun 03, 2025 - 14:15 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Jan 12, 2024 - 08:15 nvd
CRITICAL 9.8

DescriptionCVE.org

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before version 4.5.0. There is an NGINX authentication bypass via Lua string pattern matching. This affects A1300 4.4.6, AX1800 4.4.6, AXT1800 4.4.6, MT3000 4.4.6, MT2500 4.4.6, MT6000 4.5.0, MT1300 4.3.7, MT300N-V2 4.3.7, AR750S 4.3.7, AR750 4.3.7, AR300M 4.3.7, and B1300 4.3.7.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2023-50919 presents critical security risk, a improper authentication vulnerability rated CVSS 9.8. Attackers could bypass security controls to gain unauthorized access to protected resources and sensitive data. With an EPSS score of 52%, this vulnerability faces very high likelihood of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates immediately when available and implement compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls; (2) Enable MFA where possible; (3) Monitor authentication logs for anomalous access.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Threat Score
5.0/10
Composite threat intelligence
EPSS Score
52.3%
Top 2% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 52.3%
Patch available No
Active threat Yes
Deciding rule
CRITICAL + EPSS > 30%, no patch available
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Immediate
Exploitation· derived
Active
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

136
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +52
CVSS: +49
PoC: +20
Weaponized: +15
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ax1800_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ax1800_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-axt1800_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-axt1800_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt3000_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt3000_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt2500_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt2500_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt6000_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt6000_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt1300_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt1300_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt300n-v2_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-mt300n-v2_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar750s_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar750s_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar750_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar750_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar300m_firmware:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:gl-inet:gl-ar300m_firmware:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
+ 4 more
CVE-2023-50445 HIGH POC
7.8 Dec 28

Shell Injection vulnerability GL.iNet A1300 v4.4.6, AX1800 v4.4.6, AXT1800 v4.4.6, MT3000 v4.4.6, MT2500 v4.4.6, MT6000

CVE-2023-31475 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 11

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remot

CVE-2023-31471 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 10

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remot

CVE-2025-67089 HIGH POC
8.1 Jan 08

A command injection vulnerability exists in the GL-iNet GL-AXT1800 router firmware v4.6.8. The vulnerability is present

CVE-2023-31477 HIGH POC
7.5 May 11

A path traversal issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerabilit

CVE-2023-31478 HIGH POC
7.5 May 09

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely

CVE-2023-31474 HIGH POC
7.5 May 09

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely

CVE-2023-31472 HIGH POC
7.5 May 09

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely

CVE-2023-50922 HIGH POC
7.2 Jan 03

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices through 4.5.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is remotely

CVE-2023-50921 CRITICAL
9.8 Jan 03

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices through 4.5.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remo

CVE-2023-50920 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jan 12

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before version 4.5.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is

CVE-2023-31473 MEDIUM POC
4.9 May 11

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.9), this vulnerability is remotel

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