What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-21561?

CVE-2023-21561 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.4%.

Windows 10 1607 CVE-2023-21561

HIGH

Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190)

2023-01-10 secure@microsoft.com

Information Disclosure Integer Overflow Microsoft Windows 10 1607 Windows 10 1809 Windows 10 21h2 Windows 10 22h2 Windows 11 22h2 Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2022 Windows 11 21H2 Windows 7 Windows 8 1 Windows Rt 8 1 Windows 10 20H2

7.8

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-190 ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer overflow checks MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 7.8 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A local attacker with access to the system could cause unexpected behavior through arithmetic overflow.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Microsoft Cryptographic Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate arithmetic operations, use safe integer libraries, check bounds before allocation.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Integer Overflow (CWE-190), which allows attackers to cause unexpected behavior through arithmetic overflow. Microsoft Cryptographic Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability Affected products include: Microsoft Windows 10 1607, Microsoft Windows 10 1809, Microsoft Windows 10 20H2, Microsoft Windows 10 21H2, Microsoft Windows 10 22H2.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH

AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

Microsoft Cryptographic Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.4%

Top 65% exploitable

Data Quality

2 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.4%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +39

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Integer Overflow MEDIUM

Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:-:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:-:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_20h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_20h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_20h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_21h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_21h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:-:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_7:-:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_7:-:sp1:*:*:*:*:x86:*

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References

Advisories & patches

REF https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21561

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