Remote Code Execution
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
How It Works
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access. Unlike a single vulnerability class, RCE is an outcome—the catastrophic result of exploiting underlying weaknesses in how applications process input, manage memory, or handle executable content.
Attackers typically achieve RCE by chaining vulnerabilities or exploiting a single critical flaw. Common pathways include injecting malicious payloads through deserialization flaws (where untrusted data becomes executable objects), command injection (where user input flows into system commands), buffer overflows (overwriting memory to hijack execution flow), or unsafe file uploads (placing executable code on the server). Server-Side Template Injection and SQL injection can also escalate to code execution when attackers leverage database or template engine features.
The attack flow usually begins with reconnaissance to identify vulnerable endpoints, followed by crafting a payload that exploits the specific weakness, then executing commands to establish persistence or pivot deeper into the network. Modern exploits often use multi-stage payloads—initial lightweight code that downloads and executes more sophisticated tooling.
Impact
- Complete system compromise — attacker gains shell access with application privileges, potentially escalating to root/SYSTEM
- Data exfiltration — unrestricted access to databases, configuration files, credentials, and sensitive business data
- Lateral movement — compromised server becomes a beachhead to attack internal networks and other systems
- Ransomware deployment — direct pathway to encrypt files and disable backups
- Persistence mechanisms — installation of backdoors, web shells, and rootkits for long-term access
- Supply chain attacks — modification of application code or dependencies to compromise downstream users
Real-World Examples
The n8n workflow automation platform (CVE-2024-21858) demonstrated how RCE can emerge in unexpected places-attackers exploited unsafe workflow execution to run arbitrary code on self-hosted instances. The Log4j vulnerability (Log4Shell) showed RCE at massive scale when attackers sent specially crafted JNDI lookup strings that triggered remote class loading in Java applications worldwide.
Atlassian Confluence instances have faced multiple RCE vulnerabilities through OGNL injection flaws, where attackers inject Object-Graph Navigation Language expressions that execute with server privileges. These required no authentication, enabling attackers to compromise thousands of internet-exposed instances within hours of disclosure.
Mitigation
- Input validation and sanitization — strict allowlists for all user-controlled data, especially in execution contexts
- Sandboxing and containerization — isolate application processes with minimal privileges using containers, VMs, or security contexts
- Disable dangerous functions — remove or restrict features like code evaluation, system command execution, and dynamic deserialization
- Network segmentation — limit blast radius by isolating sensitive systems and restricting outbound connections
- Web Application Firewalls — detect and block common RCE patterns in HTTP traffic
- Runtime application self-protection (RASP) — monitor application behavior for execution anomalies
- Regular patching — prioritize updates for components with known RCE vulnerabilities
Recent CVEs (35531)
A command injection vulnerability in the component /jmreport/show of jeecg boot v3.0.0 to v3.5.3 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted HTTP request. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
There is an injection vulnerability in jeecg boot versions 3.0.0 to 3.5.3 due to lax character filtering, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on components through specially crafted HTTP. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in phpMyFAQ 4.2.0-alpha allows unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious JavaScript via RFC 5321-compliant quoted email addresses in guest FAQ submissions. The injected payload is stored without sanitization and rendered using Twig's |raw filter in the admin FAQ editor, executing in administrator browsers and enabling session hijacking, admin account takeover, and arbitrary site manipulation. A publicly available proof-of-concept demonstrates successful JavaScript execution when administrators review pending FAQs.
Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in WWBN AVideo versions 26.0 and prior allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the browsers of online users without any victim interaction. An attacker with a user account can set their display name to an XSS payload; when they initiate a call via the YPTSocket plugin, the caller notification rendered by the jQuery Toast Plugin executes the malicious script in every connected user's browser, enabling session hijacking, credential theft, or further compromise. CVSS 6.4 reflects moderate complexity due to authentication requirement and limited direct impact scope.
Command injection in NVIDIA Jetson Linux initrd allows physical attackers to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges across Jetson Xavier, Orin, and Thor series devices. An attacker with physical access can inject malicious command-line arguments during boot without authentication (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N), leading to complete system compromise including root-level code execution, denial of service, and data exfiltration. EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and physical-only requirement (AV:P) suggest exploitation is straightforward for adversaries with device access.
DLL search-order hijacking in Anthropic Claude for Windows installer (Claude Setup.exe) versions before 1.1.3363 enables local privilege escalation to system context. An attacker with low privileges and physical or local access can plant a malicious DLL (such as profapi.dll) in the installer directory; when an elevated user runs the installer, the uncontrolled search path causes the malicious DLL to be loaded and executed with system privileges, achieving arbitrary code execution. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at the time of analysis.
Arbitrary code execution in baserCMS versions before 5.2.3 allows authenticated administrators to achieve remote code execution via malicious PHP files embedded in backup restore archives. The vulnerability exploits unsafe file inclusion during ZIP extraction in the restore function, where uploaded PHP files are executed via require_once without filename validation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS score of 0.00043 (0.043%) and CVSS 8.7 indicate moderate theoretical risk mitigated by high privilege requirements (PR:H).
Arbitrary file overwrite vulnerability in RAREPROB SOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED Video player Play All Videos v1.0.135 enables remote attackers to overwrite critical internal files during the file import process, resulting in arbitrary code execution or information disclosure. No CVSS score, exploitation data, or vendor patch information is currently available; the vulnerability was disclosed via academic research channels rather than coordinated vendor notification.
Remote code execution in elecV2P up to version 3.8.3 allows authenticated attackers to inject arbitrary code via manipulation of the rawcode argument in the runJSFile function of the /webhook JSON Parser endpoint. The vulnerability has publicly available exploit code and the vendor has not yet responded to early disclosure notifications, making this an active security concern for deployed instances.
Code injection in Sinaptik AI PandasAI versions up to 3.0.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the CodeExecutor.execute function in the Chat Message Handler component. CVSS 7.3 (High) with network attack vector, low complexity, and no authentication required. Publicly available exploit code exists (POC on GitHub Gist). EPSS data not provided, but the combination of unauthenticated remote execution and public exploit significantly elevates real-world risk. Vendor non-responsive to coordinated disclosure.
Flat Assembler 1.71.21 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input to the application. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
SIPP 3.3 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying malicious input in the configuration file. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
PMS 0.42 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying malicious values in the configuration file. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Crashmail 1.6 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending malicious input to the application. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
SC v7.16 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input that exceeds buffer boundaries. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
EChat Server 3.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the chat.ghp endpoint that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized username parameter. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Bochs 2.6-5 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized input string to the application. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
MAWK 1.3.3-17 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting inadequate boundary checks on user-supplied input. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
JAD Java Decompiler 1.5.8e-1kali1 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying overly long input that exceeds buffer. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Mapscrn 2.0.3 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized input buffer. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
TiEmu 2.08 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting inadequate boundary checks on user-supplied input. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
JAD 1.5.8e-1kali1 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input that exceeds buffer boundaries.
iSelect 1.4.0-2+b1 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized value to the -k/--key parameter. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
EKG Gadu 1.9~pre+r2855-3+b1 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the username handling that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized username string. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
zFTP Client 20061220+dfsg3-4.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the NAME parameter handling of FTP connections that allows local attackers to crash the application or execute arbitrary. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
HNB Organizer 1.9.18-10 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized argument to the -rc command-line parameter. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
PInfo 0.6.9-5.1 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized argument to the -m parameter. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
NRSS RSS Reader 0.3.9-1 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized argument to the -F parameter. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
TRN 3.6-23 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized argument to the application. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Yasr 0.6.9-5 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application or execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized argument to the -p parameter. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
TiEmu 3.03-nogdb+dfsg-3 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the ROM parameter handling that allows local attackers to crash the application or execute arbitrary code. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Multi Emulator Super System 0.154-3.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the gamma parameter handling that allows local attackers to crash the application or execute arbitrary code. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
yTree 1.94-1.1 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an excessively long argument to the application. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
xwpe 1.5.30a-2.1 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying overly long input strings that exceed buffer. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Restaurant Cafeteria WordPress theme through version 0.4.6 allows authenticated subscribers to execute arbitrary PHP code and modify site configuration through unprotected admin-ajax actions lacking nonce and capability checks. An attacker with subscriber-level access can install malicious plugins from attacker-controlled URLs or import demo content that overwrites critical site settings, pages, menus, and theme configuration. Publicly available exploit code exists for this vulnerability.
Fleet device management software versions prior to 4.81.1 are vulnerable to command injection in the software installer pipeline, enabling remote attackers with high privileges to achieve arbitrary code execution as root on macOS/Linux or SYSTEM on Windows when triggering uninstall operations on crafted software packages. The vulnerability requires high privileges and user interaction but delivers complete system compromise on affected managed hosts. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Wazuh provisioning scripts and container build environments disable SSL/TLS certificate validation by invoking curl with the -k/--insecure flag, enabling man-in-the-middle attackers to intercept and modify downloaded dependencies during the build process and achieve remote code execution within the agent build infrastructure and supply chain. Unauthenticated network attackers with positioning on the network path can exploit this with moderate complexity to compromise the integrity of Wazuh agent builds, affecting all downstream deployments. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at the time of analysis.
Prototype pollution in locutus npm package version 2.0.39 through 3.0.24 allows remote attackers to bypass `Object.prototype` pollution guards via a crafted query string passed to the `parse_str` function, enabling authentication bypass, denial of service, or remote code execution in chained attack scenarios where `RegExp.prototype.test` has been previously compromised. Publicly available exploit code exists demonstrating the vulnerability; vendor-released patch available in version 3.0.25.
Code injection in HuggingFace smolagents 1.25.0.dev0 allows remote attackers without authentication to execute arbitrary code through incomplete remediation of CVE-2025-9959 in the local Python executor component. The vulnerability affects the evaluate_augassign, evaluate_call, and evaluate_with functions in src/smolagents/local_python_executor.py, with publicly available exploit code and active public disclosure despite lack of vendor response.
Multiple shell injection and untrusted search path vulnerabilities in Wazuh agent and manager (versions 2.1.0 through 4.7.x) enable remote code execution through malicious configuration parameters. Authenticated attackers with high privileges can inject commands via logcollector configuration files, maild SMTP server tags, and Kaspersky AR script parameters. The CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 reflects network-accessible attack vector with low complexity but requiring high-privilege credentials; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Stack buffer overflow in LSC Indoor Camera V7.6.32 ONVIF GetStreamUri function allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause denial of service or execute arbitrary code by sending a crafted SOAP request with an oversized Protocol parameter in the Transport element, bypassing input validation and corrupting the stack return instruction pointer.
Ruckus Unleashed contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the web-based management interface that allows authenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the system when gateway. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Statamic CMS versions prior to 5.73.16 and 6.7.2 allow authenticated control panel users to extract sensitive user data including email addresses, encrypted passkey credentials, and encrypted two-factor authentication codes through manipulation of the markdown preview endpoint. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation (CWE-20) that permits attackers to retrieve data from arbitrary fieldtypes beyond the intended scope. With a CVSS score of 6.5 reflecting low attack complexity and high confidentiality impact, the threat is moderate but requires valid control panel authentication to exploit.
River Past CamDo 3.7.6 contains a structured exception handler (SEH) buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious string in the. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
PassFab Excel Password Recovery 8.3.1 contains a structured exception handling buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious payload in. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
PassFab RAR Password Recovery 9.3.2 contains a structured exception handler (SEH) buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious payload. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
PDF Explorer 1.5.66.2 contains a structured exception handler (SEH) overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting SEH records with malicious data. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Nsauditor 3.0.28.0 contains a structured exception handling buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying malicious input to the DNS Lookup tool. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Boxoft wav-wma Converter 1.0 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in structured exception handling that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by crafting malicious WAV files. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Allok Video Splitter 3.1.1217 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized string in the. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Small HTTP Server 3.06.36 allows local attackers with low privileges to execute arbitrary code through an unquoted service path vulnerability in the http.exe service executable. By placing a malicious executable in a higher-priority directory along the unquoted path 'C:\Program Files (x86)\shttps_mg\http.exe service', attackers can achieve full system compromise with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC framework indicates no current exploitation, though technical impact is rated as total.
Small HTTP Server 3.06.36 contains an unquoted service path vulnerability (CWE-428) allowing local authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges by placing malicious executables in higher-priority directories. Despite a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7, real-world risk is significantly lower with only 0.02% EPSS probability (4th percentile) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. INCIBE has reported this vulnerability with patches available from the vendor.
The Responsive Plus WordPress plugin before version 3.4.3 contains an arbitrary shortcode execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute malicious shortcodes through the update_responsive_woo_free_shipping_left_shortcode AJAX action. The vulnerability stems from improper validation of the content_rech_data parameter before processing it as a shortcode, effectively enabling remote code execution in the context of the WordPress installation. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available via WPScan, and this vulnerability poses an immediate threat to all unpatched installations of the affected plugin versions.
Plack::Middleware::Session::Cookie versions through 0.21 for Perl allows remote code execution. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
picomatch is vulnerable to a method injection vulnerability (CWE-1321) in its POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE object that allows specially crafted POSIX bracket expressions like [[:constructor:]] to reference inherited Object.prototype methods, causing these methods to be stringified and injected into generated regular expressions. This affects all versions of the npm package picomatch prior to 2.3.2, 3.0.2, and 4.0.4, and can cause incorrect glob matching behavior leading to integrity violations where patterns match unintended filenames; while this does not enable remote code execution, it can compromise security-relevant logic in applications using glob matching for filtering, validation, or access control. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV and has no widely published proof-of-concept, but patches are available from the vendor.
An off-by-one error in fontconfig before version 2.17.1 allows a one-byte out-of-bounds write in the FcFontCapabilities function within fcfreetype.c during sfnt capability handling. This vulnerability affects all versions of fontconfig prior to 2.17.1 across multiple platforms, potentially enabling local attackers without special privileges to crash the application or execute arbitrary code. A patch is available through the official fontconfig GitLab repository, and given the memory corruption nature of the defect, exploitation is feasible on systems with fontconfig-dependent applications.
This vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software bootloader affects Catalyst 9200, ESS9300, IE9310/9320, and IE3500/3505 series switches, allowing authenticated local attackers with level-15 privileges or unauthenticated attackers with physical access to execute arbitrary code at boot time and bypass the chain of trust. An attacker can manipulate loaded binaries to circumvent integrity checks during boot, enabling execution of non-Cisco-signed images. While the CVSS score is 6.1 (Medium), Cisco assigned it a High Security Impact Rating due to the critical nature of breaking the secure boot mechanism, a foundational security control.
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in the extractFile method of org.codehaus.plexus.util.Expand in plexus-utils versions prior to commit 6d780b3378829318ba5c2d29547e0012d5b29642, allowing attackers to escape the intended extraction directory and write arbitrary files to the filesystem, potentially leading to remote code execution. The vulnerability affects any application using vulnerable versions of plexus-utils for archive extraction operations. A proof-of-concept has been publicly disclosed via a GitHub Gist, and the fix has been merged into the project repository.
N2W versions before 4.3.2 and 4.4.x before 4.4.1 contain a spoofing vulnerability that enables remote code execution and account credential theft. The vulnerability allows attackers to impersonate legitimate entities, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution on affected systems and unauthorized access to sensitive credentials. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or active KEV designation is currently available, limiting immediate risk quantification.
N2W versions prior to 4.3.2 and 4.4.0 prior to 4.4.1 contain improper validation of API request parameters that enables unauthenticated remote code execution. An attacker can craft malicious API requests to bypass input validation and achieve arbitrary code execution on affected systems. This vulnerability affects cloud backup and disaster recovery infrastructure and poses critical risk to data protection environments.
N2WS Backup & Recovery before version 4.4.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its RESTful API that requires a two-step attack chain to exploit. An unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary code on affected systems, potentially compromising backup and disaster recovery infrastructure. This vulnerability affects the N2WS product line and should be treated as critical given the RCE classification and the security-sensitive nature of backup systems.
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the P2P API service in BS Producten Petcam with firmware 33.1.0.0818 allows unauthenticated attackers within network range to overwrite the instruction. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA APEX for Linux contains a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability that affects environments using PyTorch versions earlier than 2.6. An attacker with low privileges on an adjacent network can exploit this flaw to achieve code execution, denial of service, privilege escalation, data tampering, and information disclosure with scope change (CVSS 9.0 Critical). No KEV listing or public POC availability has been reported at this time.
NVIDIA Megatron-LM contains a critical unsafe deserialization vulnerability (CWE-502) in its hybrid conversion script that allows remote code execution when a user loads a maliciously crafted file. The vulnerability affects NVIDIA Megatron-LM installations and enables attackers to execute arbitrary code, escalate privileges, disclose sensitive information, and tamper with data. With a CVSS score of 7.8 and local attack vector requiring low privileges and no user interaction, this represents a significant risk for organizations using this large language model training framework.
NVIDIA Megatron LM contains an insecure deserialization vulnerability (CWE-502) in its quantization configuration loading mechanism that enables remote code execution. Attackers with local access and low privileges can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary code, escalate privileges, disclose sensitive information, and tamper with data. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 7.8 and affects all versions of NVIDIA Megatron LM based on available CPE data.
A command injection vulnerability (CVSS 6.7). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.
PinchTab versions 0.8.3 through 0.8.5 contain a security-policy bypass that allows arbitrary JavaScript execution through the POST /wait endpoint's fn mode, even when the security.allowEvaluate setting is explicitly disabled. While the /evaluate endpoint correctly enforces the allowEvaluate guard, the /wait endpoint fails to apply the same policy check before evaluating caller-supplied JavaScript expressions, enabling authenticated users with an API token to execute arbitrary code in browser tab contexts despite the operator's intention to disable JavaScript evaluation. A proof-of-concept demonstrating this bypass has been published by the vendor, showing that side effects can be introduced in page state and confirmed through subsequent requests.
The Ruby icalendar library versions prior to the patched commit fail to sanitize carriage return and line feed characters in URI property values, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary ICS calendar lines through CRLF injection. Applications that generate .ics files from untrusted metadata are affected, enabling attackers to add malicious calendar properties such as attendees, URLs, or alarms that downstream calendar clients will process as legitimate event data. A proof-of-concept demonstrating the vulnerability is publicly available, and a patch is available from the vendor.
A critical unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in Zimbra Collaboration Suite PostJournal service version 8.8.15, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via SMTP injection through improper sanitization of the RCPT TO parameter using shell expansion syntax. A publicly available proof-of-concept exploit exists (PacketStorm), significantly increasing exploitation risk. With a CVSS score of 9.8 and network-accessible attack vector requiring no authentication or user interaction, this represents an immediate threat to exposed Zimbra installations.
Vikunja Desktop (Electron wrapper) versions 0.21.0 through 2.1.x contain a critical remote code execution vulnerability caused by enabled Node.js integration combined with missing navigation controls. An attacker who is a legitimate user on a shared Vikunja instance can inject a malicious hyperlink into user-generated content (task descriptions, comments, project descriptions) that, when clicked by a victim using Vikunja Desktop, causes arbitrary code execution with the victim's OS user privileges. A proof-of-concept demonstrating command execution via a simple HTML link has been documented, and the vulnerability affects all Desktop users on affected versions.
The Vikunja Desktop Electron wrapper enables Node.js integration in the renderer process without proper context isolation or sandboxing, allowing any cross-site scripting vulnerability in the web frontend to escalate directly to remote code execution on the victim's machine. Vikunja versions 0.21.0 through 2.1.x are affected, as confirmed by CPE cpe:2.3:a:go-vikunja:vikunja. An attacker exploiting an XSS flaw gains full access to Node.js APIs and the underlying operating system, making this a critical privilege escalation from web-based XSS to system-level RCE.
PhreeBooks ERP 5.2.3 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the image manager that allows authenticated attackers to upload and execute arbitrary PHP files by bypassing file extension. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Tabs Mail Carrier 2.5.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the MAIL FROM SMTP command that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending a crafted MAIL FROM parameter. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
X-NetStat Pro 5.63 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting the EIP register through a 264-byte buffer overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Local arbitrary code execution in 4mhz Base64 Decoder 1.1.2 occurs when the application processes a maliciously crafted input file, causing a stack-based buffer overflow that overwrites the Structured Exception Handler (SEH) chain. Publicly available exploit code exists (Exploit-DB 46625) demonstrating an SEH overwrite chained with a POP-POP-RET gadget and an egghunter payload to reach attacker-supplied shellcode. Despite CVSS 8.6 and a working PoC, EPSS is only 0.01% (2nd percentile), reflecting the niche Windows utility and local-only attack vector.
AIDA64 Extreme 5.99.4900 contains a structured exception handling buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying malicious input through the email. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
AIDA64 Business 5.99.4900 contains a structured exception handling buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting SEH pointers with malicious. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
PhreeBooks ERP 5.2.3 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the Image Manager component that allows authenticated attackers to upload malicious files by submitting requests to the image. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
AIDA64 Extreme 5.99.4900 contains a structured exception handler buffer overflow vulnerability in the logging functionality that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Download Accelerator Plus DAP 10.0.6.0 contains a structured exception handler buffer overflow vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by crafting malicious URLs. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
FlexHEX 2.71 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the Stream Name field that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by triggering a structured exception handler (SEH) overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Local buffer overflow in River Past Cam Do 3.7.6's activation code field enables arbitrary code execution with SYSTEM privileges through specially crafted 608-byte input followed by shellcode and SEH chain overwrite. While exploitation requires local access and a publicly available exploit exists (Exploit-DB 46670), EPSS score of 0.01% indicates minimal real-world exploitation activity. The vulnerability affects a legacy multimedia application with no confirmed vendor patch, making it primarily relevant for environments still running this discontinued software.
A vulnerability in CODESYS Control runtime systems allows a low-privileged remote attacker to replace the boot application, resulting in arbitrary code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability affects numerous CODESYS Control variants across multiple platforms including Linux, Windows, embedded systems, and industrial controllers. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and network-accessible attack vector requiring only low privileges, this represents a significant threat to industrial control systems and automation environments.
Census CSWeb 8.0.1 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability allowing authenticated remote attackers to upload malicious files and achieve remote code execution. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub (hx381/cspro-exploits), significantly increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects the Census CSWeb data dissemination platform used for hosting census and survey data online.
The ReviewX plugin for WordPress contains a critical arbitrary method call vulnerability in all versions up to and including 2.2.12. Unauthenticated attackers can exploit insufficient input validation in the bulkTenReviews function to call arbitrary PHP class methods, potentially achieving remote code execution or information disclosure. With a CVSS score of 7.3 and network-based exploitation requiring no privileges or user interaction, this presents a significant risk to WordPress sites using this WooCommerce product review plugin.
FTP Shell Server 6.83 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the 'Account name to ban' field that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a crafted string. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Lavavo CD Ripper 4.20 contains a structured exception handling (SEH) buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a malicious string in the License Activation Name field.
Free Float FTP 1.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the STOR command handler that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending a crafted STOR request with an oversized. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Admin Express 1.2.5.485 contains a local structured exception handling buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an alphanumeric encoded payload in the Folder Path field.
MiniFtp contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the parseconf_load_setting function that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized configuration values.
Quick Facts
- Typical Severity
- CRITICAL
- Category
- other
- Total CVEs
- 35531